The Genetic Structure of Cloninger's Seven‐Factor Model of Temperament and Character in a Japanese Sample

Ando, Jun; Ono, Yutaka; Yoshimura, Kimio; Onoda, Naoko; Shinohara, Manabu; Kanba, Shigenobu; Asai, Manabu

doi:10.1111/1467-6494.05018

Cited by 64 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Ando and colleagues [18], for example, found among 296 Japanese twin pairs that Harm Avoidance and Persistence showed significant additive genetic contributions and no shared environmental effect, supporting the original theoretical assumption. Nevertheless, in their study, Novelty Seeking and Reward Dependence could be explained by both genetic and shared environmental factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…In contrast to Cloninger's assumptions, all three character dimensions could be explained exclusively by additive genetic and unique environmental contributions – unique environment is what makes twins growing up in the same family dissimilar rather than similar, while the common environment is what makes twins similar. Moreover, the genetic components of Self-directedness and Cooperativeness were derived from those of the temperament dimensions [18]. The character traits have indeed shown much the same levels of heritability as the temperament traits across several studies [19], [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Cloninger's psychobiological theory of personality provides a model that can be empirically verified by behavioral genetics methodology because it proposes that humans are an integrated hierarchy of biological, psychological, and social systems that adapt to changes [18]. Although the character dimensions are influenced by social norm-favoring [1], [23], no substantial support has been found to state that character is influenced by shared environmental effects in twin studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temperament and Character in the Child and Adolescent Twin Study in Sweden (CATSS): Comparison to the General Population, and Genetic Structure Analysis

et al. 2013

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BackgroundThe Child and Adolescent Twin Study in Sweden (CATSS) is an on-going, large population-based longitudinal twin study. We aimed (1) to investigate the reliability of two different versions (125-items and 238-items) of Cloninger's Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) used in the CATSS and the validity of extracting the short version from the long version, (2) to compare these personality dimensions between twins and adolescents from the general population, and (3) to investigate the genetic structure of Cloninger's model.MethodReliability and correlation analyses were conducted for both TCI versions, 2,714 CATSS-twins were compared to 631 adolescents from the general population, and the genetic structure was investigated through univariate genetic analyses, using a model-fitting approach with structural equation-modeling techniques based on same-sex twin pairs from the CATSS (423 monozygotic and 408 dizygotic pairs).ResultsThe TCI scores from the short and long versions showed comparable reliability coefficients and were strongly correlated. Twins scored about half a standard deviation higher in the character scales. Three of the four temperament dimensions (Novelty Seeking, Harm Avoidance, and Persistence) had strong genetic and non-shared environmental effects, while Reward Dependence and the three character dimensions had moderate genetic effects, and both shared and non-shared environmental effects.ConclusionsTwins showed higher scores in character dimensions compared to adolescents from the general population. At least among adolescents there is a shared environmental influence for all of the character dimensions, but only for one of the temperament dimensions (i.e., Reward Dependence). This specific finding regarding the existence of shared environmental factors behind the character dimensions in adolescence, together with earlier findings showing a small shared environmental effects on character among young adults and no shared environmental effects on character among adults, suggest that there is a shift in type of environmental influence from adolescence to adulthood regarding character.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temperament and Character in the Child and Adolescent Twin Study in Sweden (CATSS): Comparison to the General Population, and Genetic Structure Analysis

et al. 2013

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“…The seven main TCI dimensions comprise 25 facets. The TCI has generated a large and influential body of literature, spanning topics including the genetic heritability of personality (Ando et al, 2002), personality variability within Axis I diagnoses (e.g., Fassino et al, 2002), and the impact of personality on psychotherapy outcome (Joyce, Mulder, McKenzie, Luty, & Cloninger, 2004). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrating competing dimensional models of personality: Linking the SNAP, TCI, and NEO using Item Response Theory.

Stepp

Miller

et al. 2012

Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment

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Mounting evidence suggests that several inventories assessing both normal personality and personality disorders measure common dimensional personality traits (i.e., Antagonism, Constraint, Emotional Instability, Extraversion, and Unconventionality), albeit providing unique information along the underlying trait continuum. We used Widiger and Simonsen’s (2005) pantheoretical integrative model of dimensional personality assessment as a guide to create item pools. We then used Item Response Theory (IRT) to compare the assessment of these five personality traits across three established dimensional measures of personality: the Schedule for Nonadaptive and Adaptive Personality (SNAP), the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI), and the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO PI-R). We found that items from each inventory map onto these five common personality traits in predictable ways. The IRT analyses, however, documented considerable variability in the item and test information derived from each inventory. Our findings support the notion that the integration of multiple perspectives will provide greater information about personality while minimizing the weaknesses of any single instrument.

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“…His ideas are of great importance, although some of them have not found empirical support. For example, twin studies have demonstrated that character traits such as self-directedness show high heritability estimates, comparable to heritability estimates of temperament traits [21, 22]. Moreover, genetic association studies have shown that diverse neurotransmitter systems (not limited to one system per temperament) are involved in the foundation of temperaments and character [23].…”

Section: Biologically Oriented Personality Psychologists - From Eymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of the Catechol-O-Methyltransferase (COMT) Gene in Personality and Related Psychopathological Disorders

Montag

Jurkiewicz²,

Reuter³

2012

CNSNDDT

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This review provides a short overview of the most significant biologically oriented theories of human personality. Personality concepts of Eysenck, Gray and McNaughton, Cloninger and Panksepp will be introduced and the focal evidence for the heritability of personality will be summarized. In this context, a synopsis of a large number of COMT genetic association studies (with a focus on the COMT Val158Met polymorphism) in the framework of the introduced biologically oriented personality theories will be given. In line with the theory of a continuum model between healthy anxious behavior and related psychopathological behavior, the role of the COMT gene in anxiety disorders will be discussed. A final outlook considers new research strategies such as genetic imaging and epigenetics for a better understanding of human personality.

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The Genetic Structure of Cloninger's Seven‐Factor Model of Temperament and Character in a Japanese Sample

Cited by 64 publications

References 33 publications

Temperament and Character in the Child and Adolescent Twin Study in Sweden (CATSS): Comparison to the General Population, and Genetic Structure Analysis

Temperament and Character in the Child and Adolescent Twin Study in Sweden (CATSS): Comparison to the General Population, and Genetic Structure Analysis

Integrating competing dimensional models of personality: Linking the SNAP, TCI, and NEO using Item Response Theory.

The Role of the Catechol-O-Methyltransferase (COMT) Gene in Personality and Related Psychopathological Disorders

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