The Genetics of Immunity

Lazzaro, Brian P.

doi:10.1534/genetics.114.165449

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 16 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Caernoharbditis elegans (C. elegans) was chosen as an animal model for a first-step evaluation of the suitability of insulin-loaded zein nanoparticles. C. elegans is a nematode sensitive to human insulin in which the hormone binds to the DAF-2 receptor and modulates its downstream signaling cascade, including fat accumulation [34,37]. For this purpose, C. elegans were maintained and cultured as described previously [37].…”

Section: Strain and Culture Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…C. elegans is a nematode sensitive to human insulin in which the hormone binds to the DAF-2 receptor and modulates its downstream signaling cascade, including fat accumulation [34,37]. For this purpose, C. elegans were maintained and cultured as described previously [37]. The Wild-type N2 Bristol strain was obtained from the Caenorhabditis Genetics Center (CGC, University of Minnesota, MN), and was cultured at 20 • C on NGM (Nematode Growth Medium) agar, with Escherichia coli OP50 as a normal nematode diet.…”

Section: Strain and Culture Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Zein-Based Nanoparticles as Oral Carriers for Insulin Delivery

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Zein, the major storage protein from corn, has a GRAS (Generally Regarded as Safe) status and may be easily transformed into nanoparticles, offering significant payloads for protein materials without affecting their stability. In this work, the capability of bare zein nanoparticles (mucoadhesive) and nanoparticles coated with poly(ethylene glycol) (mucus-permeating) was evaluated as oral carriers of insulin (I-NP and I-NP-PEG, respectively). Both nanocarriers displayed sizes of around 270 nm, insulin payloads close to 80 µg/mg and did not induce cytotoxic effects in Caco-2 and HT29-MTX cell lines. In Caenorhabditis elegans, where insulin decreases fat storage, I-NP-PEG induced a higher reduction in the fat content than I-NP and slightly lower than the control (Orlistat). In diabetic rats, nanoparticles induced a potent hypoglycemic effect and achieved an oral bioavailability of 4.2% for I-NP and 10.2% for I-NP-PEG. This superior effect observed for I-NP-PEG would be related to their capability to diffuse through the mucus layer and reach the surface of enterocytes (where insulin would be released), whereas the mucoadhesive I-NP would remain trapped in the mucus, far away from the absorptive epithelium. In summary, PEG-coated zein nanoparticles may be an interesting device for the effective delivery of proteins through the oral route.

show abstract

Section: Strain and Culture Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Strain and Culture Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zein-Based Nanoparticles as Oral Carriers for Insulin Delivery

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In this study, we show the feasibility of using a domestic animal for mapping the genomic regions that underlie an infectious disease and for providing new information that will be useful in subsequent comparative immunology studies. The genetic determinism of immunity is extremely complex and shaped by the contribution of multiple genes and environmental factors [67]. Therefore, more GWAS on domestic animals will help identify genes that are involved in the immunity mechanisms occurring during infectious diseases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A genome-wide association study explores the genetic determinism of host resistance to Salmonella pullorum infection in chickens

Nie

Liu

et al. 2019

Genet Sel Evol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Salmonella infection is a serious concern in poultry farming because of its impact on both economic loss and human health. Chicks aged 20 days or less are extremely vulnerable to Salmonella pullorum (SP), which causes high mortality. Furthermore, an outbreak of SP infection can result in a considerable number of carriers that become potential transmitters, thus, threatening fellow chickens and offspring. In this study, we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to detect potential genomic loci and candidate genes associated with two disease-related traits: death and carrier state. Methods In total, 818 birds were phenotyped for death and carrier state traits through a SP challenge experiment, and genotyped by using a 600 K high-density single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array. A GWAS using a single-marker linear mixed model was performed with the GEMMA software. RNA-sequencing on spleen samples was carried out for further identification of candidate genes. Results We detected a region that was located between 33.48 and 34.03 Mb on chicken chromosome 4 and was significantly associated with death, with the most significant SNP (rs314483802) accounting for 11.73% of the phenotypic variation. Two candidate genes, FBXW7 and LRBA, were identified as the most promising genes involved in resistance to SP. The expression levels of FBXW7 and LRBA were significantly downregulated after SP infection, which suggests that they may have a role in controlling SP infections. Two other significant loci and related genes (TRAF3 and gga-mir-489) were associated with carrier state, which indicates a different polygenic determinism compared with that of death. In addition, genomic inbreeding coefficients showed no correlation with resistance to SP within each breed in our study. Conclusions The results of this GWAS with a carefully organized Salmonella challenge experiment represent an important milestone in understanding the genetics of infectious disease resistance, offer a theoretical basis for breeding SP-resistant chicken lines using marker-assisted selection, and provide new information for salmonellosis research in humans and other animals.

show abstract

“…(ii) Satmya – A thing or substance or habit that is useful for the body, also called the law of adaptation or habituation. The immunity of the individual depends upon the genetic factors as well as dietary adaptations of the individual (Childs et al, 2019; Lazzaro & Schneider, 2014). Ayurveda promotes appropriate dietary regime as per the body requirements to maintain effective immunity (bala).…”

Section: Immune Suppression In Covid‐19 Disease Its Reinforcement Usi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Culinary spices and herbs in managing early and long‐COVID‐19 complications: A comprehensive review

Sharma

2023

Phytotherapy Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Human race is preparing for the upsurge and aftermath of COVID‐19 pandemic complicated by novel variants, new waves, variable mortality rate, and post‐COVID complications. Despite use of repurposed drugs, symptomatic treatments and licensing of multiple vaccines, the daily number of cases and rate of transmission are significant. Culinary spices and herbs have been historically used in pandemic and non‐pandemic times to reduce respiratory viral burden. Specific food items and culinary spices can boost the levels of protective immunity and also offer therapeutic benefits against impervious bugs via well‐known as well as less‐known but scientifically testable mechanisms. Here, we analyzed the phytochemicals profile of Ayurvedic herbs and inferred from the clinical trials/observational studies to provide a focused and succinct perspective on the relevance of “food‐based” traditional decoction to moderate COVID‐19 disease and long‐COVID via modulation of immunity and reinstatement of homeostasis. We also underscore the druggable targets in pathogenesis of COVID‐19 which are relevant to the ongoing clinical trials using spices and herbs. This information will provide a strong scientific rationale for standardization of the traditional herbs‐based therapies and adopting the use of herbs, spices, and their formulations for reducing SARS‐CoV‐2 transmission, long‐COVID symptoms, and COVID‐19 disease progression.

show abstract

The Genetics of Immunity

Cited by 5 publications

References 16 publications

Zein-Based Nanoparticles as Oral Carriers for Insulin Delivery

Zein-Based Nanoparticles as Oral Carriers for Insulin Delivery

A genome-wide association study explores the genetic determinism of host resistance to Salmonella pullorum infection in chickens

Culinary spices and herbs in managing early and long‐COVID‐19 complications: A comprehensive review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About