The genial tubercle: A prospective novel landmark for the diagnosis of mandibular asymmetry

Lee, Seung-Youp; Choi, Dong-Soon; Jang, Insan; Song, Geun-Su; Cha, Bong‐Kuen

doi:10.4041/kjod.2017.47.1.50

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The three-dimensional landmarks selected in this experiment are supported by previous literatures [ 19 ]. They are easy to determine, with rare variation, which can truly reflect the shape and structure of the mandible [ 10 – 12 ]. Point Co and other paired points are independent and related to each other.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the relevant literatures, a total of 25 line distance and angle measurements were selected to describe the morphological characteristics of the mandible, of which 10 measurements were used to describe the characteristics of the mandibular ramus, and 8 measurements were used to describe the characteristics of condyle and coracoid process [10][11][12]. The line distance is measured in "mm" and the angle is measured in "°" (Table 2).…”

Section: Determination Of Mark Points and Measurement Itemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of Three-Dimensional Morphological Differences in the Mandible between Skeletal Class I and Class II with CBCT Fixed-Point Measurement Method

Dong

Shi²,

Jia³

et al. 2021

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This study was aimed at determining the three-dimensional differences in the mandible morphology between skeletal class I and II patients, at exploring the pathogenic mechanisms and morphological characteristics of skeletal class II, and at providing clinical references. The subjects were assigned to two groups according to the size of ANB angle: skeletal class I ( 2 ° < ANB angle < 5 ° ) and skeletal class II ( 5 ° < ANB angle < 8 ° ). After cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scanning, 31 landmarks and 25 measurement items were determined by In Vivo Dental 5.1 software (Anatomage, CA) for statistical analysis. The results were as follows: Co-Go, Go-Me, and CdM-CdD in skeletal class II cases were smaller than those in skeletal class I, and GoR-Me-GoL, GoR-Me-CoL, and, Ig-Men were larger than those in skeletal class I cases. In conclusion, there were significant differences in the three-dimensional morphology of the mandible between skeletal class I and class II patients. The vertical growth of the ramus, the horizontal growth of the mandibular body, and the condyle in skeletal class II patients were smaller than those in skeletal class I cases. In skeletal class II, the growth of the anterior part of the mandible in the vertical direction was larger than that in skeletal class I, and the shape of the mandible was more extended.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Determination Of Mark Points and Measurement Itemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Three-Dimensional Morphological Differences in the Mandible between Skeletal Class I and Class II with CBCT Fixed-Point Measurement Method

Dong

Shi²,

Jia³

et al. 2021

Scanning

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“…Accurate identification of the GTs morphology, size and/or position using three-dimensional (3D) imaging is valuable for different applications, such as preparation for genioglossus advancement in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea[8,9], estimation of the safe zone before implant surgery in the interforaminal region of the mandible[6] and evaluation of mandibular asymmetry on CBCT images[10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genial tubercles: Morphological study of the controversial anatomical landmark using cone beam computed tomography

Araby

Alhirabi

Santawy

2019

WJR

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BACKGROUND Identification of the morphology of the genial tubercles (GTs) is valuable for different dental applications. The morphological pattern of the GTs is still controversial, and therefore, the study of its morphology using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) plays a valuable role in resolving the controversy. AIM To assess the morphological pattern, dimensions and position of the GTs using CBCT among a selected Saudi population. METHODS CBCT records of 155 Saudi subjects (49 female and 106 male) were used to assess the pattern and size of the GTs and to determine the distance from the apices of the lower central incisors to the superior border of the GTs (I-SGT) and the distance from the inferior border of the GTs to the menton (IGT-M). RESULTS The results of this study showed that the most common morphological pattern was of two superior GTs and a rough impression below them (36.8%), followed by two superior GTs and a median ridge representing fused inferior GTs below them (22.6%) and a single median eminence or projection (20%). The classically described pattern, of two superior and two inferior GTs placed one above the other, was found in only 14.2% of cases, while 6.4% of the studied cases had no GTs. The mean width and height were 6.23 ± 1.93 mm and 6.67 ± 3.04 mm, respectively, while the mean I-SGT and IGT-M measurements were 8.26 ± 2.7 mm and 8.13 ± 3.07 mm, respectively. CONCLUSION The GTs are a controversial anatomical landmark with wide variation in their morphological pattern. The most common pattern among the studied Saudi sample was of two superior GTs and a rough impression below them, and there were no significant differences between males and females.

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“…The advances in three-dimensional (3D) technology such as computed tomography (CT) have overcome the limitations of 2D radiographic images. 10 11 CT scan data can be used to assess linear and angular measurements after separating a necessary part such as the maxilla or mandible. 12 13 14 Moreover, evaluation of the TMJ using CT has been reported to show higher accuracy than that using 2D radiographic images.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the three-dimensional structures of mandibular condyles between adults with and without facial asymmetry: A retrospective study

Kang

Cho

2018

Korean J Orthod

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ObjectiveThis retrospective study compared the three-dimensional (3D) structure of mandibular condyles between adults with and without facial asymmetry, and whether it influences menton deviation.MethodsSixty adult patients were classified into symmetry and asymmetry groups based on the menton deviation on postero-anterior radiographs. The right/left differences of 3D measurements were compared between the two groups, and measurements were compared separately on the right and left sides. The correlations between menton deviation and the right/left differences were analyzed.ResultsThe mediolateral dimension, neck length, condylar angles to the anteroposterior reference (PO) and midsagittal reference planes, and neck and head volumes showed significantly larger right/left differences in the asymmetry group compared to the symmetry group. Separate comparisons of the right and left sides between the two groups showed that the neck was significantly shorter and neck and head volumes were significantly smaller on the left side, which was deviated side in the asymmetry group. Pearson's correlation analysis showed significant positive correlations of menton deviation with right/left differences in neck length, condylar angle to the PO plane, and neck and head volumes in the asymmetry group.ConclusionsIn individuals with facial asymmetry, menton deviation is associated with the right/left differences caused by a smaller condyle on the deviated side, particularly in neck length and neck and head volumes.

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The genial tubercle: A prospective novel landmark for the diagnosis of mandibular asymmetry

Cited by 13 publications

References 28 publications

Analysis of Three-Dimensional Morphological Differences in the Mandible between Skeletal Class I and Class II with CBCT Fixed-Point Measurement Method

Analysis of Three-Dimensional Morphological Differences in the Mandible between Skeletal Class I and Class II with CBCT Fixed-Point Measurement Method

Genial tubercles: Morphological study of the controversial anatomical landmark using cone beam computed tomography

Comparison of the three-dimensional structures of mandibular condyles between adults with and without facial asymmetry: A retrospective study

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