The Genome Sequence of Drosophila melanogaster

Abstract

The fly Drosophila melanogaster is one of the most intensively studied organisms in biology and serves as a model system for the investigation of many developmental and cellular processes common to higher eukaryotes, including humans. We have determined the nucleotide sequence of nearly all of the ∼120-megabase euchromatic portion of the Drosophila genome using a whole-genome shotgun sequencing strategy supported by extensive clone-based sequence and a high-quality bacterial artificial chromosome physical map. Efforts are under way to close the remaining gaps; however, the sequence is of sufficient accuracy and contiguity to be declared substantially complete and to support an initial analysis of genome structure and preliminary gene annotation and interpretation. The genome encodes ∼13,600 genes, somewhat fewer than the smaller Caenorhabditis elegans genome, but with comparable functional diversity.

The Drosophila black enigma: The molecular and behavioural characterization of the black1 mutant allele

“…The Dgad2 cDNA clone, the G-2 genomic clone (Phillips et al, 1993), both derived from Canton-S, and the genomic sequence in Flybase (Scaffold No AE003641, Ashburner et al, 1999;Adams et al, 2000;Celniker et al, 2002) were identical in sequence. Laboratory strains, Oregon-R and w 1118 , also showed conservation of the Dgad2 sequence.…”

Survey of forkhead domain encoding genes in the Drosophila genome: Classification and embryonic expression patterns

“…TBLASTN searches of the published Drosophila melanogaster scaffold sequence (Adams et al, 2000) and Drosophila EST database were performed with different forkhead domain query sequences from Drosophila and vertebrates. Sequences that were interrupted by introns were re-examined using the most closely related forkhead domain sequence as a query sequence, and based upon these alignments, the presence of splicing donor and acceptor sites was verified in the genomic sequence.…”

“…The publication of the sequence of the euchromatic portion of the Drosophila melanogaster genome (Adams et al, 2000) has made it possible to complete the survey of forkhead encoding genes from this genetic model organism. We show herein that the Drosophila genome encodes a total of 17 forkhead domain genes.…”

Molecular characterization of Calymmin, a novel notochord sheath‐associated extracellular matrix protein in the zebrafish embryo

“…The four Calymmin prodomains exhibit different degrees of homology to portions of the amino acid sequence of some polypeptides from the databases with unknown functions. These peptides included the Drosophila melanogaster cg6639, a serine protease-like peptide, and cg11581 proteins (Adams et al, 2000), and the Mycobacterium tuberculosis hypothetical 56.9-kDa protein cy10h4.20c (Cole et al, 1998), and the M. leprae hypothetical 49.8-kDa protein (Eiglmeier, et al, 1993), both of which also contain forkhead-associated domains (Durocher et al, 1999) at their C terminus ( Fig. 2A).…”