The genomic sequence of lymphocryptovirus from cynomolgus macaque

Kamperschroer, Cris; Gosink, Mark; Kumpf, Steven W.; O’Donnell, Lynn M.; Tartaro, Karrie

doi:10.1016/j.virol.2015.10.025

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…In order to examine the incidence of LCV reactivation among HSCT recipient cynomolgus macaques in this study, we developed a quantitative PCR assay to detect cynomolgus lymphocryptovirus (CyLCV) by adapting a previously reported quantitative PCR assay for the rhesus lymphocryptovirus EBER‐1 coding region . We detected cynomolgus LCV (CyLCV) plasma viremia in 67% (6/9) of studied HSCT recipient cynomolgus macaques post‐HSCT (Figure B, Table S1), which is in line with EBV reactivation rates reported in T‐cell‐depleted HSCT patients …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viral opportunistic infections in Mauritian cynomolgus macaques undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation mirror human transplant infectious disease complications

Weber

Shriver-Munsch

et al. 2020

Xenotransplantation

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Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and xenotransplantation are accompanied by viral reactivations and virus‐associated complications resulting from immune deficiency. Here, in a Mauritian cynomolgus macaque model of fully MHC‐matched allogeneic HSCT, we report reactivations of cynomolgus polyomavirus, lymphocryptovirus, and cytomegalovirus, macaque viruses analogous to HSCT‐associated human counterparts BK virus, Epstein‐Barr virus, and human cytomegalovirus. Viral replication in recipient macaques resulted in characteristic disease manifestations observed in HSCT patients, such as polyomavirus‐associated hemorrhagic cystitis and tubulointerstitial nephritis or lymphocryptovirus‐associated post‐transplant lymphoproliferative disorder. However, in most cases, the reconstituted immune system, alone or in combination with short‐term pharmacological intervention, exerted control over viral replication, suggesting engraftment of functional donor‐derived immunity. Indeed, the donor‐derived reconstituted immune systems of two long‐term engrafted HSCT recipient macaques responded to live attenuated yellow fever 17D vaccine (YFV 17D) indistinguishably from untransplanted controls, mounting 17D‐targeted neutralizing antibody responses and clearing YFV 17D within 14 days. Together, these data demonstrate that this macaque model of allogeneic HSCT recapitulates clinical situations of opportunistic viral infections in transplant patients and provides a pre‐clinical model to test novel prophylactic and therapeutic modalities.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viral opportunistic infections in Mauritian cynomolgus macaques undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation mirror human transplant infectious disease complications

Weber

Shriver-Munsch

et al. 2020

Xenotransplantation

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“…This improvement also decreases the price of sequencing, although the cost of library preparation is increased. There are alternative approaches for the enrichment of viral reads, including pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) 105 , which separates large viral genomes from smaller fragments of host DNA. Enrichment techniques that use degenerate RNA or DNA probes to capture hundreds of viral species have also been developed; for example, virome capture sequencing (VirCapSeq) 106 .…”

Section: Box 2 | Whole-genome Sequencing Of Zika Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and biological insights from viral genome sequencing

2017

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| Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of pathogens is becoming increasinglyimportant not only for basic research but also for clinical science and practice. In virology, WGS will be important for the development of novel treatments and vaccines and for increasing the power of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genomics. In this Opinion article, we suggest that WGS of viruses in a clinical setting will become increasingly important for patient care. We give an overview of different WGS methods used in virology and summarize their advantages and disadvantages. Although there are only partially addressed technical, financial and ethical issues with the clinical application of viral WGS, this technique

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“…Schmidtko and others reported that among 160 consecutive renal transplant recipients of cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis), 5.6% developed lymphoproliferative lesions similar to human PTLD in incidence, morphology, and immunophenotype [37]. Lymphoblastoid cells in these lesions were shown to be infected with LCV inherent to cynomolgus macaques (cyLCV; Macacine gammaherpesvirus 10) [39,40].…”

Section: Lpd/lymphoma Induced By Lcvs Inherent To Nhps In Immunocomprmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal Models for Gammaherpesvirus Infections: Recent Development in the Analysis of Virus-Induced Pathogenesis

Fujiwara

Nakamura

2020

Pathogens

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Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is involved in the pathogenesis of various lymphomas and carcinomas, whereas Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) participates in the pathogenesis of endothelial sarcoma and lymphomas. EBV and KSHV are responsible for 120,000 and 44,000 annual new cases of cancer, respectively. Despite this clinical importance, no chemotherapies or vaccines have been developed for virus-specific treatment and prevention of these viruses. Humans are the only natural host for both EBV and KSHV, and only a limited species of laboratory animals are susceptible to their experimental infection; this strict host tropism has hampered the development of their animal models and thereby impeded the study of therapeutic and prophylactic strategies. To overcome this difficulty, three main approaches have been used to develop animal models for human gammaherpesvirus infections. The first is experimental infection of laboratory animals with EBV or KSHV. New-world non-human primates (NHPs) and rabbits have been mainly used in this approach. The second is experimental infection of laboratory animals with their own inherent gammaherpesviruses. NHPs and mice have been mainly used here. The third, a recent trend, employs experimental infection of EBV or KSHV or both to immunodeficient mice reconstituted with human immune system components (humanized mice). This review will discuss how these three approaches have been used to reproduce human clinical conditions associated with gammaherpesviruses and to analyze the mechanisms of their pathogenesis.

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The genomic sequence of lymphocryptovirus from cynomolgus macaque

Cited by 15 publications

References 36 publications

Viral opportunistic infections in Mauritian cynomolgus macaques undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation mirror human transplant infectious disease complications

Viral opportunistic infections in Mauritian cynomolgus macaques undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation mirror human transplant infectious disease complications

Clinical and biological insights from viral genome sequencing

Animal Models for Gammaherpesvirus Infections: Recent Development in the Analysis of Virus-Induced Pathogenesis

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