The genus Fructobacillus

Endo, Akihito; Dicks, Leon M. T.

doi:10.1002/9781118655252.ch22

Cited by 14 publications

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“…These results are consistent with our previous study reporting the lack of adhE gene and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase activity in Fructobacillus spp. [ 9 ] and their obligately heterofermentative nature with no ethanol production [ 6 , 8 ]. No production of ethanol is due to an absence of acetaldehyde dehydrogenase activity, but it conflicts with the NAD/NADH recycling.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fructobacillus spp. in the family Leuconostocaceae are found in fructose-rich environments such as flowers, (fermented) fruits, or bee guts, and are characterized as fructophilic lactic acid bacteria (FLAB) [ 4 – 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The genus Fructobacillus is comprised of five species: Fructobacillus fructosus (type species), F. durionis, F. ficulneus, F. pseudoficulneus and F. tropaeoli [ 6 , 7 ]. Four of the five species formerly belonged to the genus Leuconostoc , but were later reclassified as members of a novel genus, Fructobacillus , based on their phylogenetic position, morphology, and biochemical characteristics [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative genomics of Fructobacillus spp. and Leuconostoc spp. reveals niche-specific evolution of Fructobacillus spp.

et al. 2015

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BackgroundFructobacillus spp. in fructose-rich niches belong to the family Leuconostocaceae. They were originally classified as Leuconostoc spp., but were later grouped into a novel genus, Fructobacillus, based on their phylogenetic position, morphology and specific biochemical characteristics. The unique characters, so called fructophilic characteristics, had not been reported in the group of lactic acid bacteria, suggesting unique evolution at the genome level. Here we studied four draft genome sequences of Fructobacillus spp. and compared their metabolic properties against those of Leuconostoc spp.ResultsFructobacillus species possess significantly less protein coding sequences in their small genomes. The number of genes was significantly smaller in carbohydrate transport and metabolism. Several other metabolic pathways, including TCA cycle, ubiquinone and other terpenoid-quinone biosynthesis and phosphotransferase systems, were characterized as discriminative pathways between the two genera. The adhE gene for bifunctional acetaldehyde/alcohol dehydrogenase, and genes for subunits of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex were absent in Fructobacillus spp. The two genera also show different levels of GC contents, which are mainly due to the different GC contents at the third codon position.ConclusionThe present genome characteristics in Fructobacillus spp. suggest reductive evolution that took place to adapt to specific niches.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-015-2339-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative genomics of Fructobacillus spp. and Leuconostoc spp. reveals niche-specific evolution of Fructobacillus spp.

et al. 2015

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“…These poor carbohydrate utilization properties are due to their genetic characteristics, which are described later. In the carbohydrate metabolism test, fructose is always metabolized within 24 h. Glucose metabolism is delayed and takes 2 to 4 days (33). Mannitol metabolism is usually recorded for FLAB but only after 5 to 6 days.…”

Section: Biochemical Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fructophilic Lactic Acid Bacteria, a Unique Group of Fructose-Fermenting Microbes

Endo

Maeno

Tanizawa

et al. 2018

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Fructophilic lactic acid bacteria (FLAB) are a recently discovered group, consisting of a few and species. Because of their unique characteristics, including poor growth on glucose and preference of oxygen, they are regarded as "unconventional" lactic acid bacteria (LAB). Their unusual growth characteristics are due to an incomplete gene encoding a bifunctional alcohol/acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (). This results in the imbalance of NAD/NADH and the requirement of additional electron acceptors to metabolize glucose. Oxygen, fructose, and pyruvate are used as electron acceptors. FLAB have significantly fewer genes for carbohydrate metabolism than other LAB, especially due to the lack of complete phosphotransferase system (PTS) transporters. They have been isolated from fructose-rich environments, including flowers, fruits, fermented fruits, and the guts of insects that feed on plants rich in fructose, and are separated into two groups on the basis of their habitats. One group is associated with flowers, grapes, wines, and insects, and the second group is associated with ripe fruits and fruit fermentations. Species associated with insects may play a role in the health of their host and are regarded as suitable vectors for paratransgenesis in honey bees. Besides their impact on insect health, FLAB may be promising candidates for the promotion of human health. Further studies are required to explore their beneficial properties in animals and humans and their applications in the food industry.

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“…Moreover, some benefits of those lactic acid bacteria recognised as probiotics entail health-promoting effects 2 . Lactic acid bacteria are encompassed within the genera of Lactococcus, Pediococcus, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, Oenococcus, Leuconostoc, Lactobacillus, Fructobacillus, Weissella and Carnobacterium [3][4][5] .A member of the genus Lactobacillus, L. plantarum is a versatile lactic acid bacterium of great potential for the food industry. This is due to the increasing popularity of L. plantarum as starter and adjunct culture from dairy to wine fermentations 6,7 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and characterisation of novel phages infectingLactobacillus plantarumand proposal of a new genus, “Silenusvirus”

Kyrkou

Carstens

Ellegaard-Jensen

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Bacteria of Lactobacillus sp. are very useful to humans. However, the biology and genomic diversity of their (bacterio)phage enemies remains understudied. Knowledge on Lactobacillus phage diversity should broaden to develop efficient phage control strategies. To this end, organic waste samples were screened for phages against two wine-related Lactobacillus plantarum strains. Isolates were shotgun sequenced and compared against the phage database and each other by phylogenetics and comparative genomics. The new isolates had only three distant relatives from the database but displayed a high overall degree of genomic similarity amongst them. The latter allowed for the use of one isolate as a representative to conduct transmission electron microscopy and structural protein sequencing, and to study phage adsorption and growth kinetics. The microscopy and proteomics tests confirmed the observed diversity of the new isolates and supported their classification to the family Siphoviridae and the proposal of the new phage genus "Silenusvirus". Methods Environmental samples, phage assays and bacterial strainsLactobacillus phages were isolated from organic household waste samples. The samples were collected from two different organic waste treatment plants in Denmark (treatment plants A and B). Initially, the samples were split into two subsamples and processed as detailed in Kyrkou et al 12 . The resulting filtrates were screened for phages using the double agar overlay method 16 and a top layer of 0.4% w/v agarose. Specifically, efficiency of plating assays were performed against two indicator strains that had earlier been acquired from private collections, L. plantarum L1 (wine fermentation isolate) and L. plantarum MW-1 (grape isolate). Single plaques were resuspended in 0.7 mL SM buffer and later filtered by 0.45-µm pore size PVDF spin filters (Ciro, Florida, USA). Each purified plaque underwent two further reisolation-filtration cycles to ensure pure stock cultures and was stored at 4°C. For transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and protein sequencing, lysates of 10 10 plaque-forming units (PFUs)/mL) were further purified and concentrated using caesium chloride (CsCl) gradient ultracentrifugation, as described elsewhere 17 . All incubations of phage manipulations were done at 25°C using De Man, Rogosa and Sharpe (MRS) broth and agar media supplemented with 10 mM CaCl 2 (MRSΦ), whereas indicator strains were grown in MRS at 37°C. TEM analysis and structural protein sequencingPhage morphology and structural proteins were determined using the CsCl-purified stocks. Micrographs of phage Silenus were generated as in other studies 12,18 . The mean values and standard deviations of all Silenus virion dimensions were elucidated after inspection of 20-23 phage particles. Structural proteins were sequenced following published protocols 12,18 . Briefly, 100 µL of the CsCl-purified stocks were filtered through an Amicon Ultra filter unit (MWCO 30k Da) and desalted four times. Phage particles (10 µL) were denaturised in 6 M urea, ...

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The genus Fructobacillus

Cited by 14 publications

References 20 publications

Comparative genomics of Fructobacillus spp. and Leuconostoc spp. reveals niche-specific evolution of Fructobacillus spp.

Comparative genomics of Fructobacillus spp. and Leuconostoc spp. reveals niche-specific evolution of Fructobacillus spp.

Fructophilic Lactic Acid Bacteria, a Unique Group of Fructose-Fermenting Microbes

Isolation and characterisation of novel phages infectingLactobacillus plantarumand proposal of a new genus, “Silenusvirus”

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