“…The phytochemical compounds profile identified in the alcoholic extracts of leaves and stems from J. cinerea and J. cordata is similar to that already reported for Jatropha gossypiifolia, being p-coumaric, ferulic, caffeic, gallic, vanillic, and gentisic acids, catequin, vitexin, isovitexin, luteolin and apigenin the main compounds [31,32]. Respect to flavonoids, J. cinerea and J. cordata presented quercetin and rhoifolin, which are the same compounds reported in Jatropha curcas L. [15].…”
Section: Identification Of Phenolic Compounds By the Extract Esi-it-msupporting
Jatropha species have been shown to be an important source of secondary metabolites with different biological effects. Jatropha cinerea (Ortega) Müll. Arg and Jatropha cordata (Ortega) Müll. Arg are distributed in the Northwestern region of Mexico, are adapted to extreme weather conditions and are widely used (stems, leaves, and sap) in traditional medicine. The aim of the present study was to carry out the phytochemical characterization and the evaluation of the antioxidant activity in methanolic extracts of stems and leaves from J. cinerea and J. cordata. The compounds present in the extracts of both species were characterized by ESI-IT-MS/MS and quantified by HPLC-DAD. The results showed that the stem extracts of both species are rich in phenolic acids, while the leaf extracts are rich in flavonoids. Some of the main compounds found were gallic acid, gentisic acid, 3,4-Dihydroxybenzoic acid, vitexin, isovitexin, and catechol. Both species showed high concentrations of phenols and total flavonoids and antioxidant activity. J. cordata showed the highest antioxidant capacity and the highest concentration of phenolic compounds. Overall, both Jatropha species are a natural source of antioxidant compounds with potential biotechnological uses.
“…The phytochemical compounds profile identified in the alcoholic extracts of leaves and stems from J. cinerea and J. cordata is similar to that already reported for Jatropha gossypiifolia, being p-coumaric, ferulic, caffeic, gallic, vanillic, and gentisic acids, catequin, vitexin, isovitexin, luteolin and apigenin the main compounds [31,32]. Respect to flavonoids, J. cinerea and J. cordata presented quercetin and rhoifolin, which are the same compounds reported in Jatropha curcas L. [15].…”
Section: Identification Of Phenolic Compounds By the Extract Esi-it-msupporting
Jatropha species have been shown to be an important source of secondary metabolites with different biological effects. Jatropha cinerea (Ortega) Müll. Arg and Jatropha cordata (Ortega) Müll. Arg are distributed in the Northwestern region of Mexico, are adapted to extreme weather conditions and are widely used (stems, leaves, and sap) in traditional medicine. The aim of the present study was to carry out the phytochemical characterization and the evaluation of the antioxidant activity in methanolic extracts of stems and leaves from J. cinerea and J. cordata. The compounds present in the extracts of both species were characterized by ESI-IT-MS/MS and quantified by HPLC-DAD. The results showed that the stem extracts of both species are rich in phenolic acids, while the leaf extracts are rich in flavonoids. Some of the main compounds found were gallic acid, gentisic acid, 3,4-Dihydroxybenzoic acid, vitexin, isovitexin, and catechol. Both species showed high concentrations of phenols and total flavonoids and antioxidant activity. J. cordata showed the highest antioxidant capacity and the highest concentration of phenolic compounds. Overall, both Jatropha species are a natural source of antioxidant compounds with potential biotechnological uses.
“…A HPLC-PAD analysis of the sample of ethanolic extract of J. gossypiifolia leaves was observed in the chromatogram at 330 nm; peaks of medium polarity in the retention times (Rt) in the range of 13.2–22.0 min with absorptions at 269, 348 nm; 267, 347 nm; 269, 337 nm; and 270, 337 nm characteristic of flavonoid compounds were observed (Fig. 8A) (Granados et al ., 2015; Cavalcante et al ., 2020). Fig.…”
New treatment strategies for schistosomiasis should be evaluated, since resistant strains to the only available drug, Praziquantel, have already been described. Thus, we demonstrated antiparasitic effects of ethanolic extracts of Jatropha gossypiifolia and Piper arboreum on cercariae and adult worms of Schistosoma mansoni. The bioassays were performed at 0–10 000 μg mL−1 concentration for 0–72 h. Adult worms were stained with carmine to assess external and internal damage. The chemical screening was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography. P. arboreum displayed the best cercaricidal effect, with a 100% reduction in viability in just 60 min. The extract of J. gossypiifolia was more effective against adult worms, with 100% viability reduction of male and female worms after 12 and 24 h, respectively. P. arboreum and J. gossypiifolia were equally effective in inhibiting the oviposition of S. mansoni (93% reduction) and causing damage to internal and external structures in adult worms. Flavonoids were identified in both the extracts and phenolic compounds and amides only in P. arboreum. Thus, for the first time, it was proven that ethanolic extracts of P. arboreum and J. gossypiifolia leaves are biologically active against cercariae and adult worms of S. mansoni in vitro.
“…In addition to Meliaceae, cinchonain Ib (33) has already been identified in several families, such as Elaeagnaceae [47], Hypericaceae [48], Lauraceae [49], Rhizophoraceae [50], Rosaceae [51], Rubiaceae [52], Smilacaceae [53], and Theaceae [54] Chlorogenic acid (25) and its derivatives are present in Euphorbiaceae and could be isolated from some species of Euphorbiaceae, such as Jatropha aethiopica [55], Euphorbia peplus [56], Euphorbia hirta, Phyllanthus emblica, Ricinus communis [57], Sapium insigne [58], and Croton antisyphiliticus [39]. Coumarins are relatively common in many Euphorbiaceae genera, such as Pedilanthus [59], Cnidoscolus [22], Macaranga [60], Mallotus [61], Phyllanthus [62], Jatropha [63], Euphorbia [64], and others. Four coumarins were detected in A. uleanus: aesculin (28), phyllocoumarin (29), fraxin (30), and fraxidin (31).…”
Anomalocalyx uleanus (Pax & K. Hoffm.) Ducke (Euphorbiaceae) is a singular species in the genus and is restricted and exclusive to the Brazilian Amazon. A phytochemical study of A. uleanus leaves was performed, yielding the isolation of five major compounds: catechin/epicatechin, afzelin, quercetin 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside, and astilbin. The phytochemical compositions of the methanolic extracts of leaves, roots, bark, and stem bark were determined using a dereplication approach. Forty-six compounds were annotated from the liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) data, while four lipids were identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). In total, fifty compounds were detected, and they belonged to the primary metabolism and several classes of natural products such as flavonoids, flavonoids O-glycosides, flavonoids C-glycosides, biflavonoids, procyanidin, triterpene, triterpenes esterified with phenylpropanoids, phenylpropanoid derivatives, flavonolignans, coumarins, quinic acid derivatives, and benzoic acid derivatives. This is the first report on the phytochemical data of the genus Anomalocalyx, and the results of this study will contribute to the chemosystematic knowledge of the Euphorbiaceae family and justify the need for investigation of the pharmacological potential of the species A. uleanus.
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