The geochemical and genetic role of organic substances in postmagmatic derivatives of alkaline plutons

Abstract

Solid bituminous substances (SBS) are common components of the late hydrothermal mineral assemblages of peralkaline pegmatites. SBS are formed in a reductive setting as a result of progressive sorption of minor carbon-bearing molecules (CO, CO 2 , CH 4 , C 2 H 6 , C 2 H 4 , etc.), their polymerization, transformation into aromatic compounds (reformation), and selective oxidation on microporous zeolite-like Ti-, Nb-, and Zrsilicates serving as sorbents and catalysts. The oxygen-bearing aromatic compounds with hydrophile functional groups (-OH, -C=O, -COOH, -COO) act as complexing agents with respect to Th, REE, U, Zr, Ti, Nb, Ba, Sr, Ca, resulting in transfer of these bitumenophile elements under low-temperature hydrothermal conditions in the form of water-soluble macroassociates of the micelle type. Th, REE, and to a lesser extent, U, Zr, Ti, and Nb concentrate at the late stage of the hydrothermal process as microphases impregnating SBS or macroscopic segregations of Th and REE minerals. At the final stage, homogeneous SBS break down into organic (partly together with Ca, Sr, Ba, and Pb) and mineral (with Th,

Variations in the composition and origin of hydrocarbon gases from inclusions in minerals of the Khibiny and Lovozero plutons, Kola Peninsula, Russia

“…The trend in the compositional evolution of HCGs expressed in the enrichment in high molecular com ponents during consolidation of the alkaline pluton is substantiated by the distribution of condensed organic matter mostly occurring in the latest mineral assem blages and deposited at the final stage of hydrothermal activity (Florovskaya et al, 1968;Ivanyuk, Yakoven chuk, and Goryainov, 1996;Chukanov et al, 2006;Ermolaeva et al, 2008). Numerous microscopic seg regations of solid carbonaceous matter and films of liquid bitumoids differing in morphology are found in loparite ores of layers I 4 and II 4 in the Lovozero plu ton.…”

“…Both of the initial components could have arisen as early as at magmatic stage (Kogarko, 1977;Ryab chikov and Kogarko, 2009) and hydrogen also appears later during the formation of aegirine, magnetite, can crinite, and zeolites (Potter, Rankin, and treloar, 2004). Fe bearing phases, aluminosilicates (particu larly, zeolites), and zeolite like microporous hydrous Ti , Nb and Zr silicates could be catalysts (promot ers) of FTR (Lapidus and Loktev, 1986;Chukanov et al, 2006;Ermolaeva et al, 2008).…”

Authigenesis of Titania Minerals and the Mobility of Ti: New Evidence From Pro-Deltaic Sandstones, Cretaceous Scotian Basin, Canada

“…Eodiagenetic titania authigenesis is commonly accompanied by alteration of feldspars and micas and authigenesis of kaolinite, related to alteration by meteoric water (Kantorowicz 1985;Rasmussen and Glover 1994). Mesodiagenetic titania authigenesis is shown by textural relationships with other mesodiagenetic minerals (Morad and AlDahan 1986;Khanna et al 1997;Weibel and Friis 2004), and in some cases appears associated with complexing of titanium by organic acids (Hays et al 1994;Hays et al 1996;Parnell 2004;Ermolaeva et al 2009). …”

Occurrence Forms, Composition, Distribution, Origin and Potential Hazard of Natural Hydrogen–Hydrocarbon Gases in Ore Deposits of the Khibiny and Lovozero Massifs: A Review

“…Occluded gases from the rocks and minerals were mainly extracted by mechanical sample crushing [15,16,43]. The thermal opening of fluid inclusions was rarely performed [37,77,78], particularly in light of the presence of volatile condensed organic compounds in the rocks [15,35,79].…”