The geometry and emplacement of conical sandstone intrusions

Development and post-depositional deformation of a Middle Eocene deep-water sandy depositional system in the Sørvestsnaget Basin, SW Barents Sea

“…Structures with comparable geometries, acoustic properties and scales have been widely recognized in the North Sea, where several wells have documented the presence of sand (e.g. MacLeod et al, 1999;Huuse and Mickelson, 2004;Cartwright et al, 2008;Szarawarska et al, 2010;Jackson and Somme, 2011). In crosssection, the features observed here are similar to those described in the Middle Eocene Alba field, UK North Sea (e.g.…”

Seismic-scale funnel-shaped collapse features from the Paleocene–Eocene of the North West Shelf of Australia

“…Among those, seismic-scale downward-pointing conical features make one particular class of seismic morphology that is most of the time associated with sediment remobilization (the main exceptions being volcanic vents and conical igneous intrusions). According to literature, sediment-hosted, nonigneous downward-pointing cones can develop through two main processes: gas escape forming pockmarks (Hovland and Judd, 1988;Judd and Hovland, 2007) and conical intrusion of liquefied sand (Molyneux et al, 2002;Shoulders et al, 2007;Cartwright et al, 2008). Other processes such as sink holes in carbonate series lead to more cylindrical features, or roughly conical but pointing up, not down (Loucks, 1999).…”

Development and flow structures of sand injectites: The Hind Sandstone Member injectite complex, Carboniferous, UK

“…Typically, injections are laterally or upwards directed, following the lithostatic pressure gradient which, in general terms, decreases upwards (e.g., Newsom, 1903;Jenkins, 1930;Berry, 1973;Winslow, 1983;Surlyk, 1987;Lonergan and Cartwright, 1999;Hurst et al, 2003aHurst et al, , 2003bHuuse et al, 2004;Surlyk et al, 2007;Hubbard et al, 2007;Cartwright et al, 2008). However, examples of downwards injection have been also been reported (Parize and Beaudoin, 1988;Rowe et al, 2002;Parize and Fries, 2003;Shultz and Hubbard, 2005).…”