The Gigantic Markagunt and Sevier Gravity Slides Resulting from Mid-Cenozoic Catastrophic Mega-Scale Failure of the Marysvale Volcanic Field, Utah, USA

Biek, Robert F.; Rowley, Peter D.; Hacker, David B.

doi:10.1130/fld056

Cited by 7 publications

(36 citation statements)

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“…the late Oligocene to early Miocene (Biek, Rowley, & Hacker, 2019;. These Markagunt, Sevier and Black Mountain gravity slides are distinct from smaller, volcanically induced debris avalanche deposits recognized in modern volcanic settings (e.g., Crandell, Miller, Glicken, Christiansen, & Newhall, 1984;Siebert, 1984) based on stratigraphy, kinematic indicators and internal deformation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Long run-out landslides are increasingly recognized as ubiquitous features in both subaerial and subaqueous environ- The base of each gravity slide consists of a layer of cataclastic rock, herein referred to non-genetically as the "basal layer" (Biek et al, 2019;Malone et al, 2017;Malone, Craddock, Anders, & Wulff, 2014). The basal layer ranges in thickness from less than a centimetre to several metres and was formed through the frictional wear of upper and lower plate rocks during slide emplacement.…”

Section: Statement Of Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Marysvale volcanic field consists of voluminous, intermediate composition, calc-alkaline volcanic rocks of Oligocene and early Miocene age overlain by much less voluminous bimodal (rhyolite and basalt) volcanic rocks of Miocene and younger age (e.g., Rowley et al, 1994). Volcanic rocks overlie the late Eocene-early Oligocene F I G U R E 2 Cartoon of the anatomy of the MGS (modified from Biek et al, 2019). The breakaway zone is characterized by a series of synthetic normal faults that roll into a bedding plane zone in the mechanically weak Brian Head Formation.…”

Section: Backg Rou N Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The MGS was emplaced between ca. 23 and 21 Ma, near the end of peak calc-alkaline volcanic activity in the Marysvale volcanic field (Biek et al, 2019). This age range is based on the bracketing of the youngest rocks that the gravity slide overlies or deforms, and the oldest undeformed rocks that overlie the gravity slide.…”

Section: Backg Rou N Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The concept of tectonic provenance: Case study of the gigantic Markagunt gravity slide basal layer

et al. 2022

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Formation and evolution of the basal layer in large landslides has important implications for processes that reduce frictional resistance to sliding. In this report, we show that zircon geochronology and tectonic provenance can be used to investigate the basal layer of the gigantic‐scale Markagunt gravity slide of Utah, USA. Basal layer and clastic injectite samples have unique tectonic chronofacies that identify the rock units that were broken down during emplacement. Our results show that basal material from sites on the former land surface is statistically indistinguishable and formed primarily by the breakdown of upper plate lithologies during sliding. Decapitated injectites have a different tectonic chronofacies than the local basal layer, with more abundant lower plate‐derived zircons. This suggests clastic dikes formed earlier in the translation history from a structurally deeper portion of the slide surface and a compositionally different basal layer before being translated to their current position.

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mentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Statement Of Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Backg Rou N Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Backg Rou N Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The concept of tectonic provenance: Case study of the gigantic Markagunt gravity slide basal layer

et al. 2022

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“…1B). Younger faults in the area include the Ruby's Inn and Paunsaugunt thrust faults, but these structures are attributed to the emplacement of the Oligocene-Miocene Marysvale Volcanic Field (Merle et al, 1993;Davis, 1999;Biek et al, 2019). Proprietary industry data and a regional gravity survey (e.g., Upper Valley Oil field near Cedar City; Cook and Hardman, 1967;Van Kooten, 1988) indicate no evidence for subsurface thrust faults east of the Iron Springs thrust system.…”

Section: Structural Evolution Of Southern Utahmentioning

confidence: 99%

Faulty foundations: Early breakup of the southern Utah Cordilleran foreland basin

Pierre

Johnson

2021

GSA Bulletin

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Anomalous features of Upper Cretaceous strata in southern Utah challenge existing tectonic and depositional models of the Cordilleran foreland basin. Extreme thickness variations, net to gross changes, and facies distributions of nonmarine to marginal marine strata of the Turonian−early Campanian Straight Cliffs Formation are documented across the Southwestern High Plateaus. Contrary to most traditional models of foreland basin architecture, regional correlations demonstrate abrupt stepwise thickening, with a punctuated increase in average grain size of key intervals from west to east, i.e., proximal to distal relative to the fold-thrust belt. Except in the most proximal sections, fluvial drainage systems were oriented predominantly subparallel to the fold-thrust belt. Combined, these results suggest that modern plateau-bounding faults may have had topographic expressions as early as Cenomanian time, and influenced the position of the main axial river system by creating northeast-trending paleotopography and sub-basins. Laramide-style tectonism (e.g., basement-involved faults) is already cited as a driver for sub-basin development in latest Cretaceous−Cenozoic time, but new data presented here suggest that this part of the foredeep was “broken” into distinct sub-basins from its earliest stages. We suggest that flexural foundering of the lithosphere may have caused early stage normal faulting in the foredeep. Regional implications of these new data indicate that both detachment-style and basement-involved structures were simultaneously active in southern Utah earlier than previously recognized. These structures were likely influenced by inherited Proterozoic basement heterogeneities along the edge of the Colorado Plateau. This interpretation suggests that tectonic models for the region should be reevaluated and has broader implications for understanding variability and geodynamics of foreland basin evolution.

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Kinematics of frictional melts at the base of the world's largest terrestrial landslide: Markagunt gravity slide, southwest Utah, United States

Zamanialavijeh

Hosseinzadehsabeti

Ferré

et al. 2021

Journal of Structural Geology

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The Gigantic Markagunt and Sevier Gravity Slides Resulting from Mid-Cenozoic Catastrophic Mega-Scale Failure of the Marysvale Volcanic Field, Utah, USA

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

The concept of tectonic provenance: Case study of the gigantic Markagunt gravity slide basal layer

The concept of tectonic provenance: Case study of the gigantic Markagunt gravity slide basal layer

Faulty foundations: Early breakup of the southern Utah Cordilleran foreland basin

Kinematics of frictional melts at the base of the world's largest terrestrial landslide: Markagunt gravity slide, southwest Utah, United States

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