The global burden of chronic and hidden hunger revisited: New panel data evidence spanning 1990–2017

Lenaerts, Bert; Demont, Matty

doi:10.1016/j.gfs.2020.100480

Cited by 23 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Sustainable agricultural production may be aided by the use of sustainable resources to boost crop yield per unit area and the effective usage of fertilizer and water. In order to alleviate the hidden and chronic hunger, economic development is essential, but it may not be sufficient to eradicate hunger ( Lenaerts and Demont 2021 ). For thousands of years, plant breeding has been one of the most important strategies to fulfil people’s food needs via crop domestication ( Ahmar et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Challenging Environmental Factors and Cytokininmentioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED: Cytokinin and abiotic stress tolerance -What has been accomplished and the way forward?

et al. 2022

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More than a half-century has passed since it was discovered that phytohormone cytokinin (CK) is essential to drive cytokinesis and proliferation in plant tissue culture. Thereafter, cytokinin has emerged as the primary regulator of the plant cell cycle and numerous developmental processes. Lately, a growing body of evidence suggests that cytokinin has a role in mitigating both abiotic and biotic stress. Cytokinin is essential to defend plants against excessive light exposure and a unique kind of abiotic stress generated by an altered photoperiod. Secondly, cytokinin also exhibits multi-stress resilience under changing environments. Furthermore, cytokinin homeostasis is also affected by several forms of stress. Therefore, the diverse roles of cytokinin in reaction to stress, as well as its interactions with other hormones, are discussed in detail. When it comes to agriculture, understanding the functioning processes of cytokinins under changing environmental conditions can assist in utilizing the phytohormone, to increase productivity. Through this review, we briefly describe the biological role of cytokinin in enhancing the performance of plants growth under abiotic challenges as well as the probable mechanisms underpinning cytokinin-induced stress tolerance. In addition, the article lays forth a strategy for using biotechnological tools to modify genes in the cytokinin pathway to engineer abiotic stress tolerance in plants. The information presented here will assist in better understanding the function of cytokinin in plants and their effective investigation in the cropping system.

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Section: Challenging Environmental Factors and Cytokininmentioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED: Cytokinin and abiotic stress tolerance -What has been accomplished and the way forward?

et al. 2022

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“…Related to the further investigation of how the model could be specified, some parameter values (seen in Table 1 ) also seem counterintuitive, such as increased fish consumption driving an increase in both chronic and hidden hunger or fruits and vegetables being associated with increased hidden hunger. This could be resolved with a careful reanalysis of the latest data sets as just issued by Lenaerts and Demont ( 48 ) and perhaps a specification of alternative food groupings. There are several possible explanations: 1 ) there is potential for multicollinearity in this model specification (where some variables could be highly correlated, such as many who eat a lot of fish also eat rice as their main staple), which could lead to some unexpected signs in the model parameters; 2 ) there is also potential for aggregation issues from source data (e.g., SAS has lots of vegetable eaters but also high levels of hidden hunger, which may dominate the parameter value for fruits and vegetables); and 3 ) it might also be the case where an aggregate fish category might be influenced by a nutritional anomaly we might not expect, as in Bogard et al ( 49 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disability-adjusted life years due to chronic and hidden hunger under food system evolution with climate change and adaptation to 2050

Sulser

Beach

Wiebe

et al. 2021

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

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Background Climate change presents an increasing challenge for food-nutrition security. Nutrition metrics calculated from quantitative food system projections can help focus policy actions. Objectives To estimate future chronic and hidden hunger disability-adjusted life years (DALYs)—due to protein-energy undernutrition and micronutrient deficiencies, respectively—using food systems projections to evaluate the potential impact of climate change and agricultural sector investment for adaptation. Methods We use a novel combination of a chronic and hidden hunger DALY estimation procedure and food system projections from quantitative foresight modeling to assess DALYs under alternative agricultural sector scenarios to midcentury. Results Total chronic and hidden hunger DALYs are projected to increase globally out to 2050—by over 30 million compared with 2010—even without climate change. Climate change increases total DALY change between 2010 and 2050 by nearly 10% compared with no climate change. Agricultural sector investments show promise for offsetting these impacts. With investments, DALY incidence due to chronic and hidden hunger is projected to decrease globally in 2050 by 0.24 and 0.56 per 1000 capita, respectively. Total global DALYs will still rise because projected population growth will outpace the rate reduction, especially in Africa south of the Sahara. However, projections also show important regional reductions in total DALYs due to chronic (13.9 million in South Asia, 4.3 million in East Asia and the Pacific) and hidden hunger (7.5 million in East Asia and the Pacific) with investments. Conclusions Food system projections to 2050 show a decreasing DALY incidence from both chronic and hidden hunger. Population growth is projected to outpace these improvements and lead to increasing total chronic and hidden hunger DALYs globally, concentrated in Africa south of the Sahara. Climate change increases per-capita chronic and hidden hunger DALY incidence compared with no climate change. Agricultural sector investments show the potential to offset the climate impact on DALYs.

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“…These “anthropometrically-defined” forms of malnutrition are frequently accompanied by micronutrient deficiencies, typically less visible, and harder to measure. These deficiencies, termed by some “hidden hunger,” in themselves, may be a greater contributor to disabilities than stunting or wasting alone [4]. The prevalence of all these forms of undernutrition has decreased significantly in the last few decades, and we have seen the emergence of overnutrition: overweight and obesity in children.…”

Section: The Changing Landscape Of Child Nutritionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Changing Landscape of Children’s Diet and Nutrition: New Threats, New Opportunities

Saavedra¹

2022

Ann Nutr Metab

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Background: Over the last 30–40 years, we have seen an improvement in global child undernutrition, with major reductions in wasting and stunting. Meanwhile, childhood obesity has dramatically increased, initially in high-income populations and subsequently in the more economically vulnerable. These trends are related to significant changes in diet and external factors, including new environmental threats. Summary: Obesity rates first increased in older children, then gradually in infants. And in the next couple of years, there will be more overweight and obese than moderately or severely underweight children in the world. The changes in childhood nutritional landscape are a result of poor diets. Today, almost 50% of the world’s population consumes either too many or too few calories. Dietary disparities between countries result in disparities of under- and overnutrition and impact the global health landscape. Most children with obesity, wasting, and micronutrient deficiencies live in lower income countries and in lower income families within any country. High energy-low nutrient diets are contributing to the increase in non-communicable diseases, which will manifest later in this generation of children. In 1990, child wasting was the #1 leading risk factor for mortality for all ages, and high BMI was #16; today, they are #11 and #5, respectively. COVID-19 and climate change are new major threats to global nutrition. Current and future efforts to improve the state of child nutrition require multisectoral approaches to reprioritize actions which address current trends and emerging threats.

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The global burden of chronic and hidden hunger revisited: New panel data evidence spanning 1990–2017

Cited by 23 publications

References 52 publications

RETRACTED: Cytokinin and abiotic stress tolerance -What has been accomplished and the way forward?

RETRACTED: Cytokinin and abiotic stress tolerance -What has been accomplished and the way forward?

Disability-adjusted life years due to chronic and hidden hunger under food system evolution with climate change and adaptation to 2050

The Changing Landscape of Children’s Diet and Nutrition: New Threats, New Opportunities

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