The global burden of sore throat and group A Streptococcus pharyngitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Miller, Kate M; Carapetis, Jonathan R.; Beneden, Chris Van; Cadarette, Daniel; Daw, Jessica; Moore, Hannah C; Bloom, David E.; Cannon, J. R.

doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101458

Cited by 41 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Further, GAS throat colonization is high among this population and is associated with not taking/stopping the prophylaxis regimen. Similar founding also reported in a systematic review and meta-analysis that GAS infection is still a global burden (5). This study also reported that most (96%) of GAS isolates were susceptible to penicillin.…”

supporting

confidence: 90%

Editorial: New challenges with the management of rheumatic heart disease

Soesanto

2022

Front. Surg.

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supporting

confidence: 90%

Editorial: New challenges with the management of rheumatic heart disease

Soesanto

2022

Front. Surg.

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“…It is estimated that GAS accounts for half a million deaths annually, with RHD and invasive infections responsible for most deaths 21 . Recent estimates have stressed the significant health burden caused by GAS infections, suggesting that RHD is responsible for more than 100 million disability-adjusted life-years with 0.1% being attributed to GAS pharyngitis in children 22 . These estimates have not been determined for other GAS diseases, and epidemiological data, particularly in low and middle-income countries, remain scarce.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenesis, epidemiology and control of Group A Streptococcus infection

et al. 2023

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Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A Streptococcus; GAS) is exquisitely adapted to the human host, resulting in asymptomatic infection, pharyngitis, pyoderma, scarlet fever or invasive diseases, with potential for triggering post-infection immune sequelae. GAS deploys a range of virulence determinants to allow colonization, dissemination within the host and transmission, disrupting both innate and adaptive immune responses to infection. Fluctuating global GAS epidemiology is characterized by the emergence of new GAS clones, often associated with the acquisition of new virulence or antimicrobial determinants that are better adapted to the infection niche or averting host immunity. The recent identification of clinical GAS isolates with reduced penicillin sensitivity and increasing macrolide resistance threatens both frontline and penicillin-adjunctive antibiotic treatment. The World Health Organization (WHO) has developed a GAS research and technology road Surface-bound virulence factors M protein. GAS is classified based on the sequence of the 5′ end of the gene encoding the M protein (emm). More than 220 emm genotypes have been identified 2 . The M protein is a dimeric coiled-coil fibrillar protein that extends from the bacterial cell wall 38 . It consists of a conserved Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author selfarchiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

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“…Acute pharyngitis due to Streptococcus pyogenes ( Sp ) is frequently diagnosed. The incidence rate has been estimated to be 22.1 episode per 100 child-years, accounting for more than a quarter of all the pediatric sore throat episodes ( Miller et al, 2022 ). Despite many cases can spontaneously solve, official guidelines worldwide recommend antibiotic therapy in all of the documented cases of ASF.…”

Section: Acute Streptococcal Pharyngitis (Asf)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-term antibiotic therapy for the most common bacterial respiratory infections in infants and children

et al. 2023

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Overuse and misuse of antibiotics have strongly accelerated the progressive increase in bacterial antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The evidence that antimicrobial selective pressure was greater the longer the antibiotic therapy was continued has led some experts to reconsider duration of antibiotic therapy testing the use of short-term drug administration. If as effective as long-term therapy, short-term therapy could have been an easy measure to limit AMR emergence. In the present narrative review, whether present knowledge on short-term therapy of acute streptococcal pharyngitis (ASF), acute otitis media (AOM) and mild to moderate community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) allows systematic use of short-term therapy in infants and children with these diseases is discussed. Literature analysis showed that reducing the duration of antibiotic therapy for some of the most common pediatric respiratory infections could be a valid measure to contain the antibiotic abuse and the consequent impact on the emergence of AMR. Several data seem to indicate that this type of intervention is possible, as short-term therapy has been found as effective as the traditionally recommended long-term therapy in some cases of ASF, AOM and mild to moderate CAP. However, further studies are needed to better characterize infants and children who can have benefit with short-term antibiotic therapy in common bacterial respiratory infections.

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The global burden of sore throat and group A Streptococcus pharyngitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 41 publications

References 38 publications

Editorial: New challenges with the management of rheumatic heart disease

Editorial: New challenges with the management of rheumatic heart disease

Pathogenesis, epidemiology and control of Group A Streptococcus infection

Short-term antibiotic therapy for the most common bacterial respiratory infections in infants and children

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