The Global Epidemic of Metabolic Fatty Liver Disease

Lee, Ethan C. Z.; Anand, Vickram V.; Razavi, Alex C.; Alebna, Pamela L.; Muthiah, Mark D.; Siddiqui, Mohammad S.; Chew, Nicholas W. S.; Mehta, Anurag

doi:10.1007/s11886-024-02025-6

Cited by 10 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…What is particularly concerning is the rising incidence of NAFLD among younger age groups ( 4 ). Approximately 20% of patients with NAFLD will progress to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis which can increase the risk of developing liver cirrhosis in the future ( 5 ). Additionally, cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the main cause of death in individuals with NAFLD, further highlighting its significant impact on individuals and societies ( 6 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between estimated glucose disposal rate and arterial stiffness and mortality among US adults with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Song,

Ma,

Yin

2024

Front. Endocrinol.

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BackgroundThe estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR), an effective indicator of insulin resistance, has been related to acute coronary syndrome, ischemic stroke and heart failure. This study aims to explore the relationship between eGDR and arterial stiffness, all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).MethodsParticipants with NAFLD were chosen from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 1999 and 2018. The main outcomes are arterial stiffness (represented by estimated pulse wave velocity, ePWV), all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Multiple cox regression models, restricted cubic spline, sensitivity analysis and subgroup analysis were carried out to investigate the correlation between the insulin resistance indicators and mortality and arterial stiffness. Furthermore, receiver operating characteristic curves were used to compare the predictive value of the eGDR with the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.ResultsIn this study, a total of 4,861 participants were included for analysis. After adjusting confounding factors in the multivariate weighted cox regression model, the eGDR was inversely associated with the all-cause mortality (Q4 vs. Q1, HR =0.65 (0.48-0.89, P=0.01) and cardiovascular mortality (Q4 vs. Q1, HR =0.35 (0.19-0.65, P<0.001). Compared with TyG index and HOMA-IR, the eGDR shows excellent predictive value in all-cause mortality (0.588 vs. 0.550 vs. 0.513, P < 0.001) and cardiovascular mortality (0.625 vs. 0.553 vs. 0.537, P < 0.001). In addition, we found a significant negative correlation between eGDR and arterial stiffness (β=-0.13(-0.14–0.11, P< 0.001). However, TyG index and HOMA-IR showed no significant correlation to arterial stiffness.ConclusionsLow eGDR (an indicator of insulin resistance) levels are related to an increased risk of arterial stiffness and mortality in NAFLD patients in the United States.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between estimated glucose disposal rate and arterial stiffness and mortality among US adults with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Song,

Ma,

Yin

2024

Front. Endocrinol.

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“…Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been widely associated with cardio-metabolic syndrome and its components [ 6 ]. It involves more than one third of the world’s adult population, and its management mainly consists of diet improvement and physically enhancing activity [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial on the Effect of a Dietary Supplement Containing Dry Artichoke and Bergamot Extracts on Metabolic and Vascular Risk Factors in Individuals with Suboptimal Cholesterol Levels

Fogacci,

Giovannini,

Di Micoli

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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The aim of this study was to assess whether dietary supplementation with a nutraceutical blend comprising extracts of bergamot and artichoke—both standardized in their characteristic polyphenolic fractions—could positively affect serum lipid concentration and insulin sensitivity, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and indexes of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in 90 healthy individuals with suboptimal cholesterol levels. Participants were randomly allocated to treatment with a pill of either active treatment or placebo. After 6 weeks, the active-treated group experienced significant improvements in levels of triglycerides (TG), apolipoprotein B-100 (Apo B-100), and apolipoprotein AI (Apo AI) versus baseline. Total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol (Non-HDL-C), and hs-CRP also significantly decreased in the active-treated group compared to both baseline and placebo. At the 12-week follow-up, individuals allocated to the combined nutraceutical experienced a significant improvement in TC, LDL-C, Non-HDL-C, TG, Apo B-100, Apo AI, glucose, alanine transaminase (ALT), gamma-glutamyl transferase (gGT), hs-CRP, several indexes of NAFLD, and brachial pulse volume (PV) in comparison with baseline. Improvements in TC, LDL-C, Non-HDL-C, TG, fatty liver index (FLI), hs-CRP, and endothelial reactivity were also detected compared to placebo (p < 0.05 for all). Overall, these findings support the use of the tested dietary supplement containing dry extracts of bergamot and artichoke as a safe and effective approach for the prevention and management of a broad spectrum of cardiometabolic disorders.

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Sex differences in survival following acute coronary syndrome with and without standard modifiable risk factors

Anand,

Koh,

Teo

et al. 2024

Clin Res Cardiol

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The Global Epidemic of Metabolic Fatty Liver Disease

Cited by 10 publications

References 72 publications

Associations between estimated glucose disposal rate and arterial stiffness and mortality among US adults with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Associations between estimated glucose disposal rate and arterial stiffness and mortality among US adults with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial on the Effect of a Dietary Supplement Containing Dry Artichoke and Bergamot Extracts on Metabolic and Vascular Risk Factors in Individuals with Suboptimal Cholesterol Levels

Sex differences in survival following acute coronary syndrome with and without standard modifiable risk factors

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