The global impact of tobacco control policies on smokeless tobacco use: a systematic review

Chugh, Aastha; Arora, Monika; Jain, Neha; Vidyasagaran, Aishwarya; Readshaw, Anne; Sheikh, Aziz; Eckhardt, Jappe; Siddiqi, Kamran; Chopra, Madhu; Mishu, Masuma Pervin; Kanaan, Mona; Rahman, Muhammad Aziz; Mehrotra, Ravi; Huque, Rumana; Forberger, Sarah; Dahanayake, Suranji; Khan, Zohaib; Boeckmann, Melanie; Dogar, Omara

doi:10.1016/s2214-109x(23)00205-x

Cited by 33 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…In addition to multi-pronged and multi-layered EVP research, there needs to be a convincing push to advocate for stricter policies and regulation of EVPs. There needs to be a strong emphasis in the United States to incorporate smokeless tobacco control into existing tobacco control guidelines [91]. Although adolescents may still obtain EVPs from friends and family, tighter regulation of EVPs sold online (oftentimes with a relaxed age verification process) [24,92] may help decrease the number of products in the hands of adolescents.…”

Section: Future Directions-advocacy For Improved Evp Policiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adolescents and Electronic Vapor Product Use: A Dangerous Unknown

Yale,

McFadden,

Mikhailov

2023

Adolescents

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Electronic vapor products (EVPs) are non-conventional tobacco products that use a battery to heat liquid, generating an aerosol to be inhaled by the user. Despite being initially proposed as a harm reduction tool for adults looking to quit conventional tobacco cigarettes, EVP usage has grown significantly in the adolescent population over the past decade. Data from the 2021 Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) show that currently, in the United States, 36% of adolescents have ever used an EVP, 18% currently use an EVP, and 5% use EVPs daily. Initial studies have raised concerns about the health effects on multiple organ systems (e.g., respiratory, cardiovascular, and neurodevelopmental), and little information is known about the long-term effects, as well as the impacts specific to the still-developing adolescent body. EVP usage in the adolescent population is a public health crisis. The purpose of this narrative review is to address what is known thus far and to advise areas of focus for future research and advocacy.

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Section: Future Directions-advocacy For Improved Evp Policiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adolescents and Electronic Vapor Product Use: A Dangerous Unknown

Yale,

McFadden,

Mikhailov

2023

Adolescents

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“…Globally, tobacco smoking is a major public health concern, causing over seven million deaths annually, with six million attributed to active smoking and the remainder to passive exposure [ 1 ]. Given these statistics, several global initiatives have been implemented to decrease the use of tobacco products [ 2 ]. In 2003, the World Health Assembly adopted the World Health Organization (WHO) Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) in response to the globalization of the tobacco epidemic [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of tobacco use among pregnant women in sub-Saharan Africa. A multilevel mixed-effect logistic regression model

Aychiluhm,

Mare,

Dagnew

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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Introduction Although it is known that maternal tobacco use during pregnancy substantially declined in higher-income countries, information on the magnitude and determinants of tobacco use among pregnant women in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) remains limited. Establishing evidence on maternal tobacco during pregnancy is crucial for guiding targeted interventions in SSA. This study aimed to determine the overall prevalence of tobacco use and its determinants among pregnant women in SSA countries. Methods The study used data from Demographic and Health Surveys conducted in 33 countries across SSA from 2010 and 2021. Our analysis included a total weighted sample of 40,291 pregnant women. A multilevel logistic regression model was used to identify factors associated with maternal tobacco use during pregnancy. The measure of association between explanatory variables and the outcome was reported using adjusted odds ratios (AORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results The pooled prevalence of tobacco use among pregnant women in SSA was 1.76% (95% CI: 1.41, 2.12). Our findings showed that pregnant women in the age groups of 25–34 years (AOR 1.44; 95% CI: 1.14, 1.82) and 35+ years (AOR 2.18; 95% CI: 1.68, 2.83) had higher odds of tobacco use during pregnancy. Pregnant women who attained primary education (AOR 0.57; 95% CI: 0.46, 0.70) and secondary or higher education (AOR 0.39; 95% CI: 0.30, 0.53) were associated with lower odds of tobacco use. Similarly, pregnant women who resided in households with a high wealth index (AOR 0.36; 95% CI: 0.55 0.90) and those with media exposure (AOR 0.81; 95% CI: 0.67, 0.99) were less likely to use tobacco during pregnancy. Conclusion This study revealed that the overall prevalence of maternal tobacco use during pregnancy was relatively low in SSA, but some countries exhibited higher estimates. To address this, it is crucial to implement targeted smoking prevention and cessation strategies, particularly for young pregnant women, those facing socioeconomic disadvantages, and those with lower educational status.

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“…The individual-level tobacco control policies put forth by the World Health Organization (WHO) have been widely accepted by countries, but the degree of their implementation varies. In this light, there is potential for mutual international communication and collaboration [ [7] , [8] , [9] , [10] , [11] ]. To effectively achieve the goal of rapidly eliminating tobacco-related deaths and diseases, some researchers highlighted the need for holding another strategic dialogue on harm reduction, preferably led by a government agency, a scientific organization, and/or respected scientists who are not closely associated with a specific ideology [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%