The ‘glottal fricatives’

Laufer, Asher

doi:10.1017/s0025100300004448

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…However, glottal stops usually involve incursion of the ventricular folds (Garellek 2013, Esling et al 2019, and quite often -at least in careful and hyperarticulated speech -constriction of the epilaryngeal area and laryngeal raising (Esling et al 2019: Section 2.3.5). 3 In the years following the 1989 Kiel Convention, there was some published discussion about the controversies regarding the three glottal consonants' manner of articulation (Catford 1990, Ladefoged 1990, Kloster-Jensen 1991, Laufer 1991, Iivonen 1992; see also Ladefoged & Maddieson 1996: 73-77, 325-236). Ladefoged (1990) argued that the glottal stop and fricatives should be relabelled as approximants, and that they should be removed from the main chart of pulmonic consonants chart to join the 'Other symbols', given that they involve no appreciable constriction in the vocal tract.…”

Section: Glottal Sounds and The Ipamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the years following the 1989 Kiel Convention, there was some published discussion about the controversies regarding the three glottal consonants’ manner of articulation (Catford 1990, Ladefoged 1990, Kloster-Jensen 1991, Laufer 1991, Iivonen 1992; see also Ladefoged & Maddieson 1996: 73–77, 325–236). Ladefoged (1990) argued that the glottal stop and fricatives should be relabelled as approximants, and that they should be removed from the main chart of pulmonic consonants chart to join the ‘Other symbols’, given that they involve no appreciable constriction in the vocal tract.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Voicing of glottal consonants and non-modal vowels

Garellek¹

2021

Journal of the International Phonetic Association

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Variation in voicing is common among sounds of the world’s languages: sounds that are analyzed as voiceless can undergo voicing, and those analyzed as voiced can devoice. Among voiceless glottal sounds in particular, voicing is widespread: linguists often expect the voiceless glottal stop [ʔ] and fricative [h] to be fully voiced, especially between vowels. In this study, we use audio recordings from Illustrations of the International Phonetic Alphabet published in the Journal of the International Phonetic Association to explore the extent to which glottal consonants and non-modal (breathy and creaky) vowels differ in terms of percentage voicing and voicing intensity in three phrasal positions. We find that voiceless [h] is only slightly less voiced than voiced [ɦ] in initial position. Between two vowels, both [h] and [ɦ] are as voiced as breathy vowels. Glottal stops and creaky vowels are both characterized by high percentages of voicing, but they differ in voicing intensity: in all phrasal positions, glottal stops generally have periods of strong and weak voicing, whereas creaky vowels are strongly voiced. In contrast, vowels described as ‘rearticulated’, ‘checked’, or ‘glottalized’ show similar drops in voicing intensity to glottal stops. We interpret these results through an articulatory lens: glottal consonants and non-modal vowels are both modulations in phonation resulting from laryngeal constriction and vocal fold spreading. We argue further that, because voicing during [ʔ] and [h] is largely predictable from respiratory and prosodic constraints, many cases of [ʔ] and [h] can be considered phonetically underspecified for voicing.

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Section: Glottal Sounds and The Ipamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Voicing of glottal consonants and non-modal vowels

Garellek¹

2021

Journal of the International Phonetic Association

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“…The Phonetic Alphabet Association classifies /h/ and /ɦ/ as fricatives. Laufer (1991) defends this position and presents supporting arguemnets. Catford (1990) is also in favour of this classification.…”

Section: Sound Composition and Sequencing Of Lafz Al-jalalahmentioning

confidence: 94%

الخصائص الصوتية للفظ الجلالة

المحمادي¹

2022

حوليات أداب عين شمس

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This paper documents the phonetic properties of the Arabic word for God, Lafz Al-Jalalah ‗Allah'. Analysis parameters include stationary and dynamic effects pertaining to the sound composition and sound sequencing of the word. Acoustic analysis reveals that Lafz Al-Jalalah constitutes an unbroken band of acoustic energy, which is auditorily converted into a single prolonged stretch of speech prominence. Implications of this are discussed in relation to the notion of acoustic salience and perceptibility.

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“…Ladefoged [1] and Kloster-Jensen [2] commented that [h] is produced by the turbulent airflow passing through the oral cavities and it should be removed from the 'glottal' fricative. In contrast, Laufer [3] argued that the glottal constriction was observed in Hebrew, Arabic, and Finnish, and [h] should be listed as the glottal fricative. This discussion is still far from settled and the IPA chart is expected to be examined in near future [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Roles of the glottal constriction on production of [h] in high frequency energy

Yoshinaga,

Maekawa,

Iida

2024

Proceedings of the 10th Convention of the European Acoustics Association Forum Acusticum 2023

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The glottal fricative [h] is known to show no clear place of articulation in the vocal tract, and the sound source is argued to be located either in the oral cavity or at the glottis. In this study, to investigate the roles of the glottal constriction on the production of [h], we conducted aeroacoustic simulations of [h] in the contexts of /ha/ and /ho/ in Japanese with two glottal configurations: adducted vocal folds and open glottis at rest. The vocal tract geometry was extracted from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of a male Japanese speaker sustaining [h]. The airflow characteristics in the vocal tracts were predicted by solving the compressible Navier-Stokes equations. The results showed that the turbulent airflow was generated at both the oral and glottal constrictions in the contexts of /ha/, whereas the turbulent airflow was observed only near the glottis in the context of /ho/. These results indicate that oral constriction produces sound sources like pharyngeal fricatives in /ha/, while glottal constriction is needed to produce [h] in /ho/.

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The ‘glottal fricatives’

Cited by 9 publications

References 5 publications

Voicing of glottal consonants and non-modal vowels

Voicing of glottal consonants and non-modal vowels

الخصائص الصوتية للفظ الجلالة

Roles of the glottal constriction on production of [h] in high frequency energy

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