The glutathione precursor N-acetylcysteine improves immune function in postmenopausal women

Arranz, Lorena; Fernàndez, Cèsar; Rodríguez, Antonio; Ribera, Josep‐Marǐa; Fuente, Mónica De la

doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2008.07.014

Cited by 56 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…The decreased levels of intracellular glutathione have been considered as a biological marker of ageing (Hazelton and Lang 1984). A great number of published studies provide evidence that ageing involves a pro-oxidative change in the redox state of the glutathione molecule (Rebrin et al 2003;Orr et al 2005), a finding that has also been supported by our results in human peripheral blood lymphocytes (Arranz et al 2008) and in peritoneal leukocytes of mice and other organs (Alvarado et al 2006a;Viveros et al 2007;De la Fuente and Miquel 2009).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…The antioxidant glutathione constitutes one of the mechanisms by which mammalian cells defend themselves against oxidation (Viña 1990). Studies performed in aged experimental animals and elderly people have shown an age-related decrease in GSH levels in plasma, red blood cells, immune cells, and some organs (Hernánz et al 2000;De la Fuente et al 2004;Arranz et al 2008). The de novo synthesis of GSH mainly occurs in liver (Lauterburg et al 1984).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of growth hormone, melatonin, oestrogens and phytoestrogens on the oxidized glutathione (GSSG)/reduced glutathione (GSH) ratio and lipid peroxidation in aged ovariectomized rats

et al. 2010

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Ovariectomy constitutes a commonly used model in rats and mice for human menopause. After ovariectomy, an imbalance between oxidant production and antioxidant levels appears in favour of the former, with increased oxidative stress and consequently an acceleration of ageing. In the present work, the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH), a relevant antioxidant, and oxidized glutathione (GSSG), an oxidant compound, as well as lipid peroxidation (through malondialdehyde (MDA) levels), were studied in liver, heart, kidney and spleen homogenates of old (24 months of age) unovariectomized and ovariectomized female Wistar rats. The results showed a significant increase of the GSSG/GSH ratio, a marker of oxidative stress, and higher MDA production in all the studied organs of ovariectomized rats as compared with unovariectomized animals. These data confirm the idea that ovariectomy accelerates the ageing process. Administration of growth hormone (GH), melatonin (MEL) and oestrogens (OE), as well as soybean phytoestrogens (PE) for 10 weeks, between 22 and 24 months of age, was able to decrease oxidative stress in the investigated organs of ovariectomized old rats, therefore slowing down the ageing process in those animals.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of growth hormone, melatonin, oestrogens and phytoestrogens on the oxidized glutathione (GSSG)/reduced glutathione (GSH) ratio and lipid peroxidation in aged ovariectomized rats

et al. 2010

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“…Menopausal women as well as ovariectomized rats and mice (a good model for mimicking human menopause) show premature immunosenescence and high oxidative stress situation [1,8,9] . This premature aging model in mice is also confirmed by alterations of several behavior parameters [unpubl.…”

Section: Menopausal Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since these effects are similar in mice and humans and because these changes in mice are accompanied by an increase in life span, it is probable that a similar effect could be obtained in humans [1,3,9] . We have also observed these effects in the mice anxiety model of PAM [6] .…”

Section: Role Of a Diet Enriched With Antioxidantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Models of Aging of Neuroimmunomodulation: Strategies for Its Improvement

Fuente¹,

Giménez‐Llort²

2010

Neuroimmunomodulation

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Communication between the nervous and the immune systems suffers impairment with aging, which explains the altered homeostasis and the resulting increase of morbidity and mortality in aged subjects. In humans, rats and specially in mice, we have proposed several models to study this fact. The established models of premature aging have been mice and humans with poor response to stress and anxiety versus subjects of the same chronological age without that characteristic, isolation, males versus females, menopausal models (in rodents after ovariectomy) and obesity. In all cases, the prematurely aged animals suffer an alteration of the nervous system (shown by behavioral tests) and immunosenescence as well as oxidative and inflammatory stress, which is followed by early mortality. In addition, in the above-mentioned models and in normal chronological aging, we have observed the effect of several lifestyle strategies, such as ingestion of adequate amounts of antioxidants, performance of moderate physical exercise, and different kinds of environmental enrichment, which improve the function of the immune cells and their redox state as well as animal behavior. Therefore, they retard the aging process and seem to increase the longevity of the individuals.

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“…Oxidative stress causes profound alterations of various biological structures, including cellular membranes, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids. Oxidative stress is considered to be involved in ageing (14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20) Redox status expressed as GSH:GSSG ratio as a marker for oxidative stress in paediatric tumour patients (36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43)(44). There is an increasingly growing interest in identifying biomarkers for diseases, in which oxidative stress is involved (45).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Redox status expressed as GSH:GSSG ratio as a marker for oxidative stress in paediatric tumour patients

et al. 2012

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Abstract.Oxidative stress causes profound alterations of various biological structures, including cellular membranes, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids, and it is involved in numerous malignancies. Reduced glutathione (GSH) is considered to be one of the most important scavengers of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and its ratio with oxidised glutathione (GSSG) may be used as a marker of oxidative stress. The main aim of this study was to determine GSH:GSSG ratio in the blood serum of paediatric cancer patients to use this ratio as a potential marker of oxidative stress. The whole procedure was optimised and the recoveries for both substances were greater than 80% under the optimised conditions. We analysed a group of paediatric patients (n=116) with various types of cancer, including neuroblastoma, anaplastic ependymoma, germ cell tumour, genital tract tumour, lymphadenopathy, rhabdomyosarcoma, nephroblastoma, Ewing's sarcoma, osteosarcoma, Hodgkin's lymphoma, medulloblastoma and retinoblastoma. We simultaneously determined the levels of reduced and oxidised glutathione, and thus, its ratio in the blood serum of the patients. The highest ratio was observed in retinoblastoma patients and the lowest in anaplastic ependymoma. We were able to distinguish between the diagnoses based on the results of the obtained GSH:GSSG ratio.

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The glutathione precursor N-acetylcysteine improves immune function in postmenopausal women

Cited by 56 publications

References 54 publications

Effects of growth hormone, melatonin, oestrogens and phytoestrogens on the oxidized glutathione (GSSG)/reduced glutathione (GSH) ratio and lipid peroxidation in aged ovariectomized rats

Effects of growth hormone, melatonin, oestrogens and phytoestrogens on the oxidized glutathione (GSSG)/reduced glutathione (GSH) ratio and lipid peroxidation in aged ovariectomized rats

Models of Aging of Neuroimmunomodulation: Strategies for Its Improvement

Redox status expressed as GSH:GSSG ratio as a marker for oxidative stress in paediatric tumour patients

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