2021
DOI: 10.3390/ijms22157963
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The Good and Bad of Nrf2: An Update in Cancer and New Perspectives in COVID-19

Abstract: Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a well-known transcription factor best recognised as one of the main regulators of the oxidative stress response. Beyond playing a crucial role in cell defence by transactivating cytoprotective genes encoding antioxidant and detoxifying enzymes, Nrf2 is also implicated in a wide network regulating anti-inflammatory response and metabolic reprogramming. Such a broad spectrum of actions renders the factor a key regulator of cell fate and a strategic player in… Show more

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Cited by 20 publications
(24 citation statements)
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References 179 publications
(205 reference statements)
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“…Nrf2 is the master regulator of the cellular antioxidant response, regulating the expression of a battery of genes encoding for antioxidant and detoxifying factors [ 71 ]. Under normal condition, kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) binds Nrf2 in an inactive complex, leading to its ubiquitin-proteasomal degradation.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Nrf2 is the master regulator of the cellular antioxidant response, regulating the expression of a battery of genes encoding for antioxidant and detoxifying factors [ 71 ]. Under normal condition, kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) binds Nrf2 in an inactive complex, leading to its ubiquitin-proteasomal degradation.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Interestingly, chemoresistance often correlates with an increase in antioxidant activity and a reduction in intracellular ROS level [ 134 , 143 ]. In fact, many cancer cells express high levels of the transcription factor Nrf2, which increases the antioxidant defenses of the cells [ 144 , 145 ]. PN inhibits chemoresistance by inhibiting the overexpression of both Nrf2 and downstream targets, such as MnSOD and catalase [ 146 ].…”
Section: Parthenolide and Oxidative Stressmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Therefore, how to limit the side effects of promoting tumor growth during the application of NRF2 is also an issue that needs to be carefully considered during the study of NRF2. Some scholars believe that it is meaningful to find the transition point of NRF2 from inhibiting cancer to promoting cancer (He et al, 2020), while other scholars have proposed that inhibition of NRF2 downstream protein may attenuate the promoting effect of NRF2 on cancer cells (Cui et al, 2018;Emanuele et al, 2021). However, further research is still needed to ensure the specific mechanisms and effectiveness of these solutions.…”
Section: Drugs Related To Intestinal Fibrosismentioning
confidence: 99%