The grafting of methyl methacrylate onto cotton by tri‐<i>n</i>‐butylborane

Kojima, Kuniharu; Iwabuchi, Susumu; Murakami, K.; Kojima, Kensuke; Ichikawa, Fumio

doi:10.1002/app.1972.070160508

Cited by 21 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 27 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Step 1 (eq 1 or 3), VHQ or pyridine is assumed to behave as an electron donor. As previously reported, 16 - 20 MMA was found to be grafted by Bu3B on to natural and synthetic polymers containing hydrophilic groups, such as amino and hydroxyl groups. They are fibers (e.g., cotton, 20 Participation of oxygen and/or AN in the formation of the complex could be possible; then, Bu3B in eq 1 could be expressed in the term of (Bu3B peroxides), and the Bu3B-VHQ complex in term of (Bu3B peroxides-VHQ), (Bu 3 B-VHQ-AN), or (Bu3B peroxides-VHQ-AN) complex.…”

Section: 4supporting

confidence: 67%

“…As previously reported, 16 - 20 MMA was found to be grafted by Bu3B on to natural and synthetic polymers containing hydrophilic groups, such as amino and hydroxyl groups. They are fibers (e.g., cotton, 20 Participation of oxygen and/or AN in the formation of the complex could be possible; then, Bu3B in eq 1 could be expressed in the term of (Bu3B peroxides), and the Bu3B-VHQ complex in term of (Bu3B peroxides-VHQ), (Bu 3 B-VHQ-AN), or (Bu3B peroxides-VHQ-AN) complex. The participation of AN could be supported by the fact that the vinyl monomers which copolymerize with VHQ, such as AN, MMA, and 2-vinylpyridine (Table I), belong to those which have electron-accepting properties.…”

Section: 4supporting

confidence: 67%

“…2 - 5 Similarly, Cassidy and coworkers published their studies on the copolymerization of the protected VHQ derivatives. 13 In the course of our research work on the polymerization and copolymerization of vinyl monomers by tri-n-butylborane (Bu3B), 15 - 20 we showed that hydroquinone did not disturb the polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) by Bu3B. 21 Minoura and Ogata reported that hydroquinone did not inhibit some free-radical polymerization systems.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The Copolymerization of Vinylhydroquinone and Acrylonitrile by Tri-n-butylborane

Iwabuchi

Ueda

Kobayashi

et al. 1974

Polym J

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Vinylhydroquinone (VHQ) was found to copolymerize with acrylonitrile (AN) by tri-n-butylborane (Bu3B) in cyc!ohexanone at 35°C under nitrogen atmosphere. IR-, UV-, and NMR-spectral studies revealed that VHQ copolymerized in terms of vinyl polymerization. Monomer reactivity ratios for VHQ (M1) and AN (M2) were r1=0.46 and r2=0.02. Q and e values were also calculated; Q1=1.9 and e=-1.0. These r and e values, which are similar to those for styrene (St), and other data suggest that VHQ behaves like St rather than as an inhibitor in the BuaB-initiated copolymerization. No homopolymerization occurred under the same conditions either under a nitrogen atmosphere or in the presence of oxygen. The reaction mechanism is also discussed.

show abstract

Section: 4supporting

confidence: 67%

Section: 4supporting

confidence: 67%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Copolymerization of Vinylhydroquinone and Acrylonitrile by Tri-n-butylborane

Iwabuchi

Ueda

Kobayashi

et al. 1974

Polym J

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There have been many reports of tri-n-butylborane-initiated graft copolymerization of MMA onto proteins [8][9][10][11][12][13]; for example, the grafting of methyl methacrylate (MMA) onto collagen [8], chitin [9], cotton [10], silk fiber [11], blood [12], and hemoglobin [13]. These applications have been investigated over the course of the last four decades.…”

Section: Hohmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tri-n-Butylborane/WaterComplex-Mediated Copolymerization of Methyl Methacrylate with Proteinaceous Materials and Proteins: A Review

Fujisawa

Kadoma

2010

Polymers

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Previous studies of tri-n-butylborane-initiated graft copolymerization of methyl methacrylates with hydrated proteinous materials and proteins have focused on the number of grafted-poly (MMA) branches as well as the percent graft and graft efficiency. The number of branches in silk fibroin is 1.3, whereas the number in collagen, gelatin, ovalbumin and wool are 0.1, 0.04, 0.02 and 0.03, respectively. The number of grafted-PMMA branches in synthetic poly-L-peptides is approximately 10-fold less than that in gelatin, and decline, in the order poly-Ala > poly-Ser > poly-Pro > poly-Glu > poly-Lys. By contrast, poly-Gly, poly-Tyr and poly-Leu have no branches. The co-catalytic effect (the ratio of the number of polymer formed relative to that of control) of amino acids on tri-n-butylborane-initiated polymerization of MMA in the presence of water has been linearly correlated with their ionization potential (IP koopman ); |Äå HOMO (Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital)| (r 2 = 0.6, outliers: Cys and His); Äå HOMO = [åHOMO aqua − åHOMO vacuum ] calculated using the semiempirical AM1 method. Also, a significant exponential relationship between the number of branches of poly-L-polypeptides and the Äå HOMO of the corresponding amino acids has been observed (r 2 = 0.9). A possible grafting site of protein (polypeptide) is discussed.

show abstract

“…In addition, alkyl boron is known to react with oxygen to generate radicals even at low temperatures, and graft polymerization on cotton was carried out at ambient temperature using tributylborane as an initiator [18]. Diethylzinc (DEZ) is widely used for addition to alkenes, alkynes, imines, and carbonyl compounds such as enones, ketones, and aldehydes [19] [20] [21] [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emulsion Graft Polymerization of Methyl Methacrylate onto Cellulose Nanofibers

Okada¹,

Zhao²,

Mizuta³

et al. 2021

GSC

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Methyl methacrylate (MMA) was successfully grafted onto cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) at room temperature in an emulsion system using a diethyl(1,10phenanthroline N 1 ,N 10 )zinc(II) complex (Phen-DEZ) with oxygen as the radical initiator. The effects of reaction temperature, initiator concentration, and monomer content on the grafting reaction were investigated. The molecular weight of the non-grafted PMMA, which was produced during graft polymerization, was more than 1 million, as determined by size exclusion chromatography. The PMMA-grafted CNFs were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and scanning electron microscopy, which confirmed the grafting of PMMA on the nanofiber surface. The study presents a strategy for the grafting of high-molecular weight PMMA onto CNFs in an emulsion system using Phen-DEZ and O 2 .

show abstract

The grafting of methyl methacrylate onto cotton by tri‐n‐butylborane

Cited by 21 publications

References 27 publications

The Copolymerization of Vinylhydroquinone and Acrylonitrile by Tri-n-butylborane

The Copolymerization of Vinylhydroquinone and Acrylonitrile by Tri-n-butylborane

Tri-n-Butylborane/WaterComplex-Mediated Copolymerization of Methyl Methacrylate with Proteinaceous Materials and Proteins: A Review

Emulsion Graft Polymerization of Methyl Methacrylate onto Cellulose Nanofibers

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About