The Grand Canonical Multiverse and the Small Cosmological Constant

Abstract

We consider the Multiverse as an ensemble of universes. Using standard statistical physics analysis we get that the Cosmological Constant (CC) is exponentially small. The small and finite CC is achieved without any anthropic reasoning. We then quantize the CC. The quantization allows a precise summation of the possible contributions and using the measured value of the CC yields a prediction on the temperature of the Multiverse that we define. Furthermore, quantization allows the interpretation of a single Universe as a superposition of different eigenstates with different energy levels rather than the existence of an actual Multiverse.Dedicated to the memory of my father Nissim Ben-Dayan z"l who is still my father in all the universes of the Multiverse -Ido.

Dynamical signature: complex manifolds, gauge fields and non-flat tangent space

“…Namely, there is an interesting problem to determine the form of the action for the spinor of scalar fields in the new curved spaces of different signatures and investigate the dynamics of these fields in corresponding models, see different aspects of this problem in [8][9][10][11][12][13]24] references. An another interesting application of the dynamical signature is a clarification of it's possible correspondence to the new approaches to the classical gravity introduced and discussed at the last decade, see for example [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37], we find an investigations of these ideas and possibilities very interesting.…”