The Gravitational-Wave Physics II: Progress

Abstract

It has been a half-decade since the first direct detection of gravitational waves, which signifies the coming of the era of the gravitational-wave astronomy and gravitationalwave cosmology. The increasing number of the gravitational-wave events has revealed the promising capability of constraining various aspects of cosmology, astronomy, and gravity. Due to the limited space in this review article, we will briefly summarize the recent progress over the past five years, but with a special focus on some of our own works for the Key Project "Physics associated with the gravitational waves" supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China. Contents 1 Introduction 1 2 Fundamental physics and GW cosmology 3 2.1 Cosmic first-order phase transition 3 2.2 Induced gravitational waves 9 2.3 GWs produced during preheating 13 2.4 Strongly lensed GW multimessenger 16 2.5 Standard siren cosmology 19 3 GW astrophysics 28 3.1 Evolution of NS-WD binaries and its GW radiation 28 3.2 Constraints on the neutron star maximum mass from GW170817 29 3.3 Identifying supermassive binary black holes 32 3.4 GW background from stellar compact binaries 34 3.5 PTA probing solar system dynamics and constructing planet ephemeris 36 3.6 Detecting GWs using PTAs in the SKA era 37 3.7 Forecasting SKA-PTA detection of individual SMBBHs 39 4 Numerical relativity and gravitational waveform template 40 4.1 Numerical relativity with finite element method 41 4.2 Gravitational waveform models for eccentric compact binaries 44 4.3 GW memory models for compact binaries 49 5 Conclusions 53

Probing QCD critical point and induced gravitational wave by black hole physics

“…Thus, the action (31) becomes (36) We then apply (36) to compute the expectation value of the Polyakov loop and to check whether the phase transition indicated by the free energy Ω is related to confinement/deconfinement. As shown in the upper panel of Fig.…”

“…Moreover, the strong first-order phase transition (SFOPT) in the early universe is a potentially important source for stochastic gravitational-wave (GW) background (see e.g. [33][34][35][36] and references therein).…”

Space-borne atom interferometric gravitational wave detections. Part II. Dark sirens and finding the one

“…GWs play significant roles in modern cosmology, astrophysics and fundamental physics (see reviews [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26], and a very recent review of the progress in GW physics [27]). One of the most important applications of GWs on cosmology is measuring the cosmological parameters like Hubble constant [28].…”

Space-borne atom interferometric gravitational wave detections. Part I. The forecast of bright sirens on cosmology

“…Especially, the first joint observation of GW from a BNS with its electromagnetic counterpart (EM) has opened the new era of multimessenger astronomy [2,6,7]. GWs as the novel signal play significant roles in modern cosmology, astrophysics and fundamental physics (see reviews [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16], and a very recent review of the progress in GW physics [17]). In the next few years, the second generation ground-based GW detector network HLVKI (consisting of advanced LIGO-Hanford, advanced LIGO-Livingston, advanced Virgo, KAGRA and LIGO-India) will be in operation.…”