The great polarized game in the Indian Ocean: Options for US, China and Pakistan

This paper broadly examines the transport infrastructure under China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC). A qualitative approach has been adopted to reach for authentic information based on primary and secondary data, like journal articles, newspapers, and reports. The data about transport development projects, their connectivity, budget, employment ratio and the construction companies are gathered for analysis. This paper aims to highlight Pakistan's economic growth due to road development and the benefits of road infrastructure for the growing economy of Pakistan from the perspective of regional countries. Further, its impact on employment, industry and tourism has been investigated optimistically. It also focused on the benefits of the inter-regional connectivity provided by CPEC, which have yet to materialize for Pakistan fully. The reasons are challenges and obstacles faced in implementing the various projects under CPEC, including delays in approvals and funding, security concerns and issues with local communities and land acquisition. Furthermore, there is a need for a comprehensive and coordinated framework in Pakistan to leverage the potential benefits of CPEC connectivity fully.

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the dynamics of transport infrastructural development under the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor: an analysis

Jaleel,

Qurban,

Thongnim

2023

“…Soon after the agreement, India was excluded from the central rail project that would have connected Chabahar and Zaidan. Some commentators say, this agreement signals the end of friendly relations between India and Iran (Quamar, 2021;Naomi et al, 2021). Despite this, India is keen on improving relations with Iran.…”

Section: Indo-gulf Maritime Relations Under Modimentioning

confidence: 99%

Maritime dimension of Modi’s foreign policy: Indo-Gulf maritime cooperation and its implications for Pakistan

Karim,

Naazer,

Mahmood

et al. 2023

Owing to its geostrategic significance, the Indian Ocean is central to global maritime competition. Aimed at establishing its dominance over the Indian Ocean, India is an important player in this global power struggle. The current paper focuses on a crucial sub-region of the Indian Ocean, i.e., the Persian Gulf. Indian maritime security strategy (2015) mentioned the region as central to its interests. The study aims to uncover the maritime dimension of PM Modi’s foreign policy, the strategic significance of the Persian Gulf region for India, and the enhanced maritime Indo-Gulf interaction since Modi took office in 2014. A significant focus of the research is to analyse the possible implications of enriched Indo-Gulf maritime cooperation for Pakistan's foreign and defence policies. For probing the issue, a qualitative research method has been utilised. Primary sources included official documents and reports by the Ministry of External Affairs and the Ministry of Defence of the Indian government. Books, newspapers, and research articles were consulted as secondary data. The Paper concludes that the gradual increase in the maritime interaction between India and Gulf states is seriously challenging Pakistan’s historical standing in the area. Pakistan needs to pursue a proactive strategy for securing its interests.

“…The on and off relationship between both the countries has always made the two states strong foes than that of close friends. War, regional skirmishes, power for nuclear proliferation has never declared the victory of one country over the other but except the manufacturing industry of international armament, Moreover The regional hegemony of India directly or indirectly has always brought drastic challenges to Pakistan for which the country needed to draw a clear roadmap either with other major powers like China or with other neighbouring states under different projects for the remedial policies (Bhatti et al, 2019;Naomi et al 2021).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indo-US civilian nuclear deal: challenges and options for Pakistan

Ali

Sawal

Fatima

2022

The strategic cooperation in terms of the Civilian Nuclear Deal between India and the US has facilitated both the states in terms of supply of nuclear energy, advancement in technology, regional nuclear symmetry, energy crisis, military arsenals and the development in the economic sector. With some mutually agreed terms under the instrument, India agreed to allow the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) to keep a check and have access to India's civilian nuclear program. Moreover, the US will be allowed to build its companies of nuclear reactors in India, whereas India also promised to place all future thermal reactors under the supervision of the IAEA. Furthermore, the deal benefitted both India and the US on one side, while on the other side, it adversely affected Pakistan and disrupted the balance of power in South Asia. This article explores the drastic challenges that Pakistan faces and affects its nuclear status in the region. The method used for the research is qualitative, and data is analysed from secondary sources. Moreover, the study's objective attempts to interpret multiple options that could help the stakeholders overcome the challenges and restore the balance of power in the South Asian region.