The Greek Neolithic: A new review

Demoule, Jean-Paul; Perlès, Catherine

doi:10.1007/bf00997801

Cited by 100 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The earliest Neolithic sites with developed agricultural economies in Europe dated 8500-9000 BPE are found in Greece (19,36,37). The general features of material culture of the Greek Neolithic (14,19,36) and the genetic features of the preserved crops and associated weeds of the earliest Greek Neolithic sites point to Near Eastern origins (38).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One route of migration was by land from Central to Northeast Anatolia and from there to Southern Balkans through Bosporus, the Dardanelles, and Thrace (14,15,39). This migration route is less likely because archaeological evidence (19,36,40,41) including 14 C dating (19,40,41) suggests that the Neolithic sites in Thrace and Macedonia are younger than those of mainland Greece, an unexpected finding if the Neolithic migrants who colonized Greece arrived there from the north. Other models suggest that waves of the Near-Eastern migrants reached Greece by sailing either from the Aegean Anatolian coast (12,14,16,17,22,35) or from the Levantine coast (19,36).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This migration route is less likely because archaeological evidence (19,36,40,41) including 14 C dating (19,40,41) suggests that the Neolithic sites in Thrace and Macedonia are younger than those of mainland Greece, an unexpected finding if the Neolithic migrants who colonized Greece arrived there from the north. Other models suggest that waves of the Near-Eastern migrants reached Greece by sailing either from the Aegean Anatolian coast (12,14,16,17,22,35) or from the Levantine coast (19,36). Our data support the Anatolian rather than the Levantine route because they consistently show the Aegean islands to be connected to the Near East through Anatolia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Maritime route of colonization of Europe

Paschou

Drineas

Yannaki

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Significance The question of colonization of Europe by Neolithic people of the Near East and their contribution to the farming economy of Europe has been addressed with extensive archaeological studies and many genetic investigations of extant European and Near Eastern populations. Here, we use DNA polymorphisms of extant populations to investigate the patterns of gene flow from the Near East to Europe. Our data support the hypothesis that Near Eastern migrants reached Europe from Anatolia. A maritime route and island hopping was mainly used by these Near Eastern migrants to reach Southern Europe.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Maritime route of colonization of Europe

Paschou

Drineas

Yannaki

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…6700/6500-3300/3100 BC) and is divided into four sub-phases: Early, Middle, Late Neolithic and Final Neolithic [8]. The period is characterized by sedentary farming communities that practised an agropastoral economy as suggested by archaeozoological and archaeobotanical evidence characterised principally by domesticated seed crops and livestock [9,10]. During the Neolithic period the organisation of daily life was connected with the emergence of new diverse technologies (e.g., pottery, foodprocessing technologies, polished stone axes and grinding stone tools) and thus it is characterised by an expansion of materials used, objects (tools, ornaments and containers) produced and techniques employed in their production.…”

Section: Stone Axe Production In Neolithic Greecementioning

confidence: 99%

Abrasive and impact wear of stone used to manufacture axes in Neolithic Greece

Lewis¹,

Tsoraki²,

Broughton³

et al. 2011

Wear

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Excavations at the Neolithic settlement at Makriyalos in Northern Greece brought to light a large number of stone axe heads, the majority of which were manufactured from serpentinite and igneous rocks. Detailed study of the manufacturing traces on the archaeological implements identified that both percussive (pecking) and abrasive techniques (sawing and grinding/polishing) were employed for the production of the axes. There is limited evidence, however, of how these processes may have been undertaken.The aim of this work was to build on previous research investigating sawing and polishing methods and the materials that may have been used in these tasks.Modern samples of two types of serpentinite and a dolerite were collected from the environs of the archaeological site. These were tested for strength and porosity. Through archaeological research the materials available to Neolithic people were established and some testing was carried out to establish sliding speeds and loads and percussive impact velocities achievable by a human to feed into the tribological test design.Pin-on-disc wear tests were carried out using quartz, chalcedony and sandstone as the pin material in wet and dry conditions to study sawing and polishing behaviour. Reciprocating tests were carried out using leather and combinations of lubricant (animal fat and water) and abrasive medium (sand) to study effects on polishing. Percussive impact tests were also carried out.The tests indicated that with certain combinations of materials and test conditions, both sawing and polishing could be achieved. A series of stages for the polishing were identified which are in line with observations made by archaeologists.

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“…What is generally accepted, however, is that this extremely long period witnessed many social and economic changes, such as intensive exploitation of the marginal land of the Greek landscape (Runnels, van Andel 1987;Demoule, Perlès 1993;Watrous 1994;Cavanagh 2004;Tomkins 2008;, the introduction of metals and metallurgy and wide-range exchange links (van Andel, Runnels 1988;Perlès 1992.154-155;Broodbank 2000.163). In terms of pottery, it is characterised by an increase in coarse pottery and vessels fired at very low temperatures, often bearing traces of burning on their surface (Demoule, Perlès 1993.401;Vitelli 1999.65;Cavanagh 2007).…”

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confidence: 99%

Creating identities in the mortuary arena of the Greek Final Neolithic: a contextual definition of practices in Central and Southern Greece

Psimogiannou¹

2012

Doc. praeh.

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Introduction: the chronological backgroundFor several decades in Greek prehistory, a division of the Neolithic and Bronze Age in units of three for each particular period has been established 1 . The Neolithic has been divided into Early, Middle and Late and each of them, except for the last, was further divided into three parts, a system mostly utilised in Thessaly and the Peloponnese (Demoule, Perlès 1993.398). Nevertheless, the efforts to group Neolithic cultures according to this tripartite chronological terminology do not seem to depict the reality successfully.In south-eastern Europe, the millennium that starts at the mid 5 th millennium BC forms a period that ABSTRACT -It is generally accepted that the Greek Final Neolithic witnessed many social and economic changes. However, few studies have explored the archaeological material of the period in a systematic and fully contextual manner. After analysing new material from a rescue excavation at Proskynas in east Lokris, central Greece, in combination with previous evidence, it is clear that most of our knowledge has come from the funerary domain, where acts of consumption and display of material culture took place. These included the deposition of artefacts in a mortuary context and in pits dug into the bedrock in the vicinity of the graves. The aim of this paper is to provide a contextual approach of the social and mortuary practices of the period in central and southern Greece and discuss their role to the creation of cultural identities. It is also suggested that these collective acts that occur primarily within the funerary domain may also imply a shift of interest from the domestic to the mortuary arena, which emerges as a new place for social negotiation at the end of the Neolithic period. IZVLE∞EK -

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The Greek Neolithic: A new review

Cited by 100 publications

References 49 publications

Maritime route of colonization of Europe

Maritime route of colonization of Europe

Abrasive and impact wear of stone used to manufacture axes in Neolithic Greece

Creating identities in the mortuary arena of the Greek Final Neolithic: a contextual definition of practices in Central and Southern Greece

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