“The greening” of the tundra as a driver of the modern dynamics of arctic biota

Tishkov, A. A.; Belonovskaya, Elena; Weisfeld, Michail A.; Глазов, П.М.; Krenke, A.N.; Tertytsky, Grigory M.

doi:10.25283/2223-4594-2018-2-31-44

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Arcto-alpine fungi are usually widespread in the tundra and arctic deserts [56,71]. A reduction in the range of Arcto-alpine species became evident during the last 60 years and is widely discussed [14]. The winners were typical forest species, which significantly increased in diversity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They should be complemented by an assessment of projective cover, measurements of the height of phytocenotic horizons (for calculating the specific density of phytomass), and other important data. The latest synthesis of data on the productivity of Arctic ecosystems, based on field measurements in the Russian Arctic, was carried out 20-30 years ago [14]. In that period, it was already clear that plant productivity of the Arctic vegetation started to increase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Arctic Greening Caused by Warming Contributes to Compositional Changes of Mycobiota at the Polar Urals

Shiryaev

Moiseev

Peintner

et al. 2019

Forests

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The long-term influence of climate change on spatio-temporal dynamics of the Polar mycobiota was analyzed on the eastern macro slope of the Polar Urals (Sob River valley and Mountain Slantsevaya) over a period of 60 years. The anthropogenic impact is minimal in the study area. Effects of environmental warming were addressed as changes in treeline and forest communities (greening of the vegetation). With warming, permafrost is beginning to thaw, and as it thaws, it decomposes. Therefore, we also included depth of soil thawing and litter decomposition in our study. Particular attention was paid to the reaction of aphyllophoroid fungal communities concerning these factors. Our results provide evidence for drastic changes in the mycobiota due to global warming. Fungal community composition followed changes of the vegetation, which was transforming from forest-tundra to northern boreal type forests during the last 60 years. Key fungal groups of the ongoing borealization and important indicator species are discussed. Increased economic activity in the area may lead to deforestation, destruction of swamps, and meadows. However, this special environment provides important services such as carbon sequestration, soil formation, protecting against flood risks, and filtering of air. In this regard, we propose to include the studied territory in the Polarnouralsky Natural Park.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arctic Greening Caused by Warming Contributes to Compositional Changes of Mycobiota at the Polar Urals

Shiryaev

Moiseev

Peintner

et al. 2019

Forests

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“…В дополнение к анализу динамики растительности рассмотрим фаунистические критерии (разнообразие млекопитающих и птиц) возможных изменений полосы контакта леса и тундры. Ранее нами [12][13][14][15] были рассмотрены современные последствия потепления для фауны АЗРФ. В данной статье мы анализируем лишь перспективы ее изменений в связи с возможной трансформацией биогеографического статуса полосы перехода леса к тундре.…”

Section: результаты и их обсуждениеunclassified

undra and forest of the Russian Arctic: the interaction vector in the context of current climate warming

Tishkov¹,

Belonovskaya²,

Глазов³

et al. 2020

AEE

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Статья поступила в редакцию 20 апреля 2020 г. Методами дистанционного анализа и наземной верификации изучена современная динамика леса в Арктической зоне Российской Федерации. Выявлены три варианта продвижения леса в тундру: восстановление на месте ранее уничтоженного древостоя, семенное возобновление в тундре, «наступление» от стенки леса при краткосрочном потеплении. Характерное время появления «зонального леса» в полосе контакта составляет не менее 200-400 лет и равно его сукцессионному циклу. Прослежены особенности этих процессов в регионах: вдоль речных долин на север, из долин на водораздел, а на водоразделах-от границ островов леса. Определены масштабы и интенсивность движения верхней границы леса (ВГЛ) в горных регионах АЗРФ. В XX-начале XXI в. выявляются два-три цикла облесения оро-тундровых поясов, а ВГЛ поднялась на 15-50 м. На основе зоогеографического районирования и сопоставления зональной фауны млекопитающих и птиц тундр, лесотундры и северной тайги подтверждено отнесение лесотундры к северо-таежному фаунистическому комплексу. Сделан вывод, что при сохранении среднесрочной цикличности климата в Арктике (около 60 лет) современное потепление не способно «двигать» зональные границы леса, а может только поддерживать полосу его контакта с тундрой в перманентном динамическом состоянии. Изменения границ возможны только при сохранении тренда климата не менее 100-200 лет. Ключевые слова: Арк тическая зона Российской Федерации, потепление климата, полоса контакта леса и тундры, вертикальная граница леса, биогеографический и сукцессионный статус, фауна млекопитающих и птиц, зоогеографическое районирование.

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“…Majority of scientists claim, the loss of wildlife species is a result of climate change affecting natural ecosystems [3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. Over the last 50 years, climate warming has caused transformation of tundra and sub-arctic boreal landscapes, biodiversity dynamics, and wildlife habitats fragmentation [4,5,[7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. It also reduces the abilities of Arctic mammals to survive.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Arctic hare, the Atlantic walrus, polar bear, the Arctic fox, the snow-white ivory gull, sea duck, the Atlantic cod, beluga whale, narwhal, and ice-living seal are at risk of extinction. The population of polar bears in the Russian Arctic is not exceed 5 thousand individuals and tends to decline [4]. As it does, shifts in animal population are happening due to changing climatic values affecting land cover and the sea ice [2,5,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traditional nature management as a way to prevent the loss of wildlife species in a changing environment

Nekrich

2024

E3S Web Conf.

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Wildlife species of tundra and sub-arctic boreal regions are facing an immediate threat to its existence owning to environmental changes. This paper highlights how traditional nature management in northwestern Russia and northeastern Canada is able to reduce threats to the environment, focusing on vulnerability of biodiversity to changing climatic conditions. The goal of this study is to identify key areas of wildlife species loss during a changing climate by exploring the ability of traditional nature management to support environmentally sustainable habitats for the existence of the most typical biomes of tundra and sub-arctic boreal landscapes. The differentiating biodiversity method was used to determinate presence of rare species as a criterion of non-disturbed areas. This research is based on statistical data on biodiversity dynamics, meteorological data, reports on environmental conditions, cartographic materials, satellite images collected from open sources, and fieldworks. The author indicates non-disturbed sites in terms of biological resources protection in the studied regions. Obtained results confirm that on territories where traditional nature management is carried out, the reduction of biodiversity is much lower than on areas located in equal environmental conditions.

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“The greening” of the tundra as a driver of the modern dynamics of arctic biota

Cited by 9 publications

References 3 publications

Arctic Greening Caused by Warming Contributes to Compositional Changes of Mycobiota at the Polar Urals

Arctic Greening Caused by Warming Contributes to Compositional Changes of Mycobiota at the Polar Urals

undra and forest of the Russian Arctic: the interaction vector in the context of current climate warming

Traditional nature management as a way to prevent the loss of wildlife species in a changing environment

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