The growth and perfection of phenanthrene single crystals

McArdle, BJ; Sherwood, J. N.; Damask, Arthur

doi:10.1016/0022-0248(74)90094-3

Cited by 69 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Then, experiments combining preparative chromatography [6] and zone melting will be tested in view to reach the highest possible purity of Phenanthrene.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Binary phase diagram between phenanthrene and its main impurity: dibenzothiophene

Couvrat

Cartigny

Tisse

et al. 2011

XXXVII JEEP – 37th Conference on Phase Equilibria

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Abstract. The binary phase diagram between commercial Phenanthrene and its main impurity, Dibenzothiophene, is established under atmospheric pressure by means of structural and thermal analyses. This determination appears as a requirement for performing efficient zone melting on Phenanthrene. The investigations on this binary phase diagram reveal stable and metastable eutectic invariants and a single eutectoid invariant. Two hypotheses are proposed for an undetermined invariant detected at 80°C in the domain rich in Dibenzothiophene. Moreover, solid-solutions in the Phenanthrene rich-domain are characterized. Finally, the impact of these heterogeneous equilibria on the feasibility of Phenanthrene refining by means of zone melting is discussed.

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“…Then, experiments combining preparative chromatography [6] and zone melting will be tested in view to reach the highest possible purity of Phenanthrene.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Phenanthrene (figure 1) was chosen to test the prototype because it exhibits a good stability above its melting point, and was already studied by zone melting [6]. In this work, the classical procedure used to purify a given molecule by zone melting was applied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Binary phase diagram between phenanthrene and its main impurity: dibenzothiophene

Couvrat

Cartigny

Tisse

et al. 2011

XXXVII JEEP – 37th Conference on Phase Equilibria

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Direct observation of solidliquid interface, which is more feasible in transparent furnaces than conventional furnaces, is important for the directional solidification to determine the desired interface shape by controlling the growth parameters. In the case of VB growth of organic material, due to its low thermal conductivity one has to adopt the recommended translation rate of 1-2 mm.h -1 [26]. The more details of the growth processes can be found elsewhere [27].…”

Section: Vertical Bridgman (Vb) Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient growth techniques and properties of Benzophenone Single Crystals for NLO Applications:A Review

Selvakumar¹,

R²,

Arivanandhan³

et al. 2013

IJSEA

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Abstract:Benzophenone is one of the promising organic NLO materials for their high energy laser photonic applications and hence this review is mainly emphasized on the discussion of growth, efficiency and applications of low melting organic NLO benzophenone crystals in order to improve their structural and physical properties. To grow bulk and good quality benzophenone crystals by various techniques adopted has been discussed such as slow evaporation method, Microtube-Czochralski method, and Vertical Bridgman method. It is acknowledged that the size and the efficiency of the growing benzophenone single crystal varies with that of the techniques we are using has been discussed below. The SHG efficiency of pure benzophenone crystal also been compared with the standard KDP crystal. Also optical transparency behaviour of the benzophenone crystal has also been reviewed.

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“…However, the organic crystal growth involving Czochralski, Bridgman, or float zone methods has not been that easy to extend due to high vapor pressure and the material instabilities present near the melting point of the starting organic samples [309]. Of course, only in the case of some OS, available in quantity such as naphthalene [328], anthracene [329], phenanthrene [330], pyrene [331], tetracene [332], and stilbene [333], it was possible to meltgrow them, as these molecules were relatively stable at their melting points, but still they were noted to be susceptible to polymerization and/or decomposition during long heat treatments or under intense light irradiation. Mostly, the melt growth of OS is a complex phenomenon [309], as the material having concurrent sublimation/evaporation tendency during melting requires elaborate modifications to have a useful crystal puller.…”

Section: Melt-grown Os Crystalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic semiconductors for device applications: current trends and future prospects

Ahmad

2014

Journal of Polymer Engineering

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Abstract:With the rich experience of developing silicon devices over a period of the last six decades, it is easy to assess the suitability of a new material for device applications by examining charge carrier injection, transport, and extraction across a practically realizable architecture; surface passivation; and packaging and reliability issues besides the feasibility of preparing mechanically robust wafer/substrate of single-crystal or polycrystalline/ amorphous thin films. For material preparation, parameters such as purification of constituent materials, crystal growth, and thin-film deposition with minimum defects/ disorders are equally important. Further, it is relevant to know whether conventional semiconductor processes, already known, would be useable directly or would require completely new technologies. Having found a likely candidate after such a screening, it would be necessary to identify a specific area of application against an existing list of materials available with special reference to cost reduction considerations in large-scale production. Various families of organic semiconductors are reviewed here, especially with the objective of using them in niche areas of large-area electronic displays, flexible organic electronics, and organic photovoltaic solar cells. While doing so, it appears feasible to improve mobility and stability by adjusting π-conjugation and modifying the energy bandgap. Higher conductivity nanocomposites, formed by blending with chemically conjugated C-allotropes and metal nanoparticles, open exciting methods of designing flexible contact/interconnects for organic and flexible electronics as can be seen from the discussion included here.

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The growth and perfection of phenanthrene single crystals

Cited by 69 publications

References 20 publications

Binary phase diagram between phenanthrene and its main impurity: dibenzothiophene

Binary phase diagram between phenanthrene and its main impurity: dibenzothiophene

Efficient growth techniques and properties of Benzophenone Single Crystals for NLO Applications:A Review

Organic semiconductors for device applications: current trends and future prospects

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