The growth hormone-releasing activity of hexarelin, a new synthetic hexapeptide, in short normal and obese children and in hypopituitary subjects.

Loche, Sandro; Cambiaso, Paola; Carta, Daniela; Setzu, S.; Imbimbo, Bruno P.; Borrelli, P.; Pintor, C.; Cappa, Marco

doi:10.1210/jcem.80.2.7852535

Cited by 20 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…However, Thomas et al (1997) have shown that GHRP-6 mediated the release of ACTH and cortisol in conscious rats. The mechanism by which ghrelin and synthetic GHSs stimulate the pituitary-adrenocortical axis is still unknown, but seems to be mediated via the hypothalamus as it is lost after cutting the pituitary stalk (Loche et al, 1995). They may interact with hypothalamic peptides (e.g., corticotrophin-releasing hormone, arginine vasopressin, and neuropeptide Y) controlling ACTH release (Broglio et al, 2003;Dickson and Luckman, 1997;Korbonits et al, 1999;Thomas et al, 1997), most probably primarily via arginine vasopressin (Korbonits et al, 1999).…”

Section: Ghrp-6mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of growth hormone secretagogues on the release of adenohypophyseal hormones in young and old healthy dogs

Bhatti

Duchateau

Ham

et al. 2006

The Veterinary Journal

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The effects of three growth hormone secretagogues (GHSs), ghrelin, growth hormone-releasing peptide-6 (GHRP-6), and growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH), on the release of adenohypophyseal hormones, growth hormone (GH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), luteinising hormone (LH), prolactin (PRL) and on cortisol were investigated in young and old healthy Beagle dogs.Ghrelin proved to be the most potent GHS in young dogs, whereas in old dogs GHRH administration was associated with the highest plasma GH concentrations. The mean plasma GH response after administration of ghrelin was significantly lower in the old dogs compared with the young dogs. The mean plasma GH concentration after GHRH and GHRP-6 administration was lower in the old dogs compared with the young dogs, but this difference did not reach statistical significance. In both age groups, the GHSs were specific for GH release as they did not cause significant elevations in the plasma concentrations of ACTH, cortisol, TSH, LH, and PRL. It is concluded that in young dogs, ghrelin is a more powerful stimulator of GH release than either GHRH or GHRP-6. Ageing is associated with a decrease in GH-releasing capacity of ghrelin, whereas this decline is considerably lower for GHRH or GHRP-6.

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Section: Ghrp-6mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of growth hormone secretagogues on the release of adenohypophyseal hormones in young and old healthy dogs

Bhatti

Duchateau

Ham

et al. 2006

The Veterinary Journal

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“…Growth hormone (GH) secretion is suppressed in children with high BMI [39]. GH decreases in obese individuals, and peak GH levels are lower in obese children than in normal-weight children [40], also, GH in obese children with high BMI levels may result from decreased production and secretion of GH [41,42]. Research indicates that it is known that at any age, the average body height of girls is closer to the height they reach at adulthood than is the case for boys.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relation of the Effect of Relative Age on Certain Anthropometric Characteristics of Adolescents

Joksimović

Petković²,

Lilić

et al. 2020

RISM

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Background: Studying the differences of relative age and relation to selected anthropometric parameters that occur in adolescents, it was concluded that other social, economic and psychological factors influence the phenomenon whose significance should be reduced. Objective:The aim of the study was to determine how much adolescents differ in certain anthropometric characteristics in relation to the relative age effect (RAE). Methods:The study included a sample of 73 students of the first grade of Miloje Dobrašinović High School in Bijelo Polje (Montenegro), divided into two sub-samples. The first sub-sample included 27 boys, while the second sub-sample included 46 girls divided into four groups according to RAE. Results:Research results indicate that as many as 76.7% of children in the total sample are obese. Of these, 63% are girls and 13.7% boys who were born in April May and June, while the other boys 23.3% have normal nutritional values. Conclusion:Adolescents are advised to exercise at least 60 minutes daily, with notion that they should be included in moderate or high-intensity aerobic physical activity, but also at least three times a week in high-intensity physical activity.

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“…The GHRPs, namely GHRP-6 and HEX, have been found to have a strong stimulatory effect on GH secretion also in obesity (6)(7)(8)(9). Particularly in OB, the co-administration of GHRP-6 and GHRH allowed the existence of an unexpected pituitary GH pool to be demonstrated (6).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…E Ghigo, Divisione di Endocrinologia, Ospedale Molinette, C.so A.M. Dogliotti 14,10126 Torino, Italy It is well known that GH secretion is reduced in obesity as a consequence of a reduction of secretory rate (1,2). Also the somatotrope responsiveness to all known GH secretagogues, including GHRH, has been shown to be reduced in obesity (1,(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9). The pathogenesis of GH insufficiency in obesity is still unclear, although hypothalamic and/or metabolic alterations have been proposed as major causes (2)(3)(4)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16).…”

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confidence: 99%

Somatotrope responsiveness to Hexarelin, a synthetic hexapeptide, is refractory to the inhibitory effect of glucose in obesity

Grottoli

Maccario²,

Procopio³

et al. 1996

European Journal of Endocrinology

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Both spontaneous and stimulated growth hormone (GH) secretion is reduced in obesity, in which state insensitivity to the inhibitory effect of hyperglycemia also has been reported. To further investigate this point, in eight male obese (OB) patients (27-49 years old; body mass index = 39.5 +/- 1.7 kg/m2) we studied the effect of oral glucose load (100 g) on the GH response to Hexarelin (HEX, 2 micrograms/kg iv), a synthetic hexapeptide belonging to the GH-releasing peptide family, which has been reported to be able to induce a marked GH rise even in obese patients. As a control group, six male age-matched normal subjects (NS) were studied (26-35 years old; body mass index = 22.3 +/- 1.5 kg/m2). In all subjects the GH response to growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH, 1 microgram/kg iv) was also studied. Basal GH and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) levels in OB and NS were similar (0.3 +/- 0.1 vs 0.5 +/- 1.0 microgram/l and 166.7 +/- 12.3 vs 145.4 +/- 6.9 micrograms/l, respectively). Hexarelin induced a clear GH rise in OB (peak: 20.0 +/- 2.9 micrograms/l; AUC: 1193.0 +/- 213.7 micrograms.l-1.120 min-1) but this response was clearly lower (p< 0.0002) than that observed in NS (62.6 +/- 7.3 micrograms/l, 4587.5 +/- 614.9 micrograms.l-1.120 min-1). The GHRH-induced GH rise was lower (p < 0.002) in OB (4.4 +/- 1.2 micrograms/l, 331.0 +/- 95.9 micrograms.l-1.120 min-1) than that in NS (20.2 +/- 1.9 micrograms/l, 1281.0 +/- 157.5 micrograms.l-1 .120 min-1) and both were lower (p < 0.05) than those induced by HEX. In NS, glucose significantly blunted the GH response to HEX (38.4 +/- 7.2 micrograms/l, 2236.5 +/- 514.8 micrograms.l-1.120 min-1, p < 0.05) but failed to modify it in OB (19.4 +/- 2.7 micrograms/l, 934.5 +/- 151.3 micrograms.l-1. 120 min-1). Plasma glucose peaks after oral glucose load in OB and NS were similar (164.5 +/- 9.7 vs 145.8 +/- 4.6 mg/dl). In conclusion, the present data demonstrate that, in contrast to normal subjects, in obese patients HEX has a reduced GH-releasing effect that is not inhibited by glucose. In OB patients as well as in normal subjects HEX releases more GH than GHRH. These findings strengthen the evidence that GH secretion in obesity is refractory either to stimulatory inputs or to the inhibitory effect of hyperglycemia.

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The growth hormone-releasing activity of hexarelin, a new synthetic hexapeptide, in short normal and obese children and in hypopituitary subjects.

Cited by 20 publications

References 25 publications

Effects of growth hormone secretagogues on the release of adenohypophyseal hormones in young and old healthy dogs

Effects of growth hormone secretagogues on the release of adenohypophyseal hormones in young and old healthy dogs

Relation of the Effect of Relative Age on Certain Anthropometric Characteristics of Adolescents

Somatotrope responsiveness to Hexarelin, a synthetic hexapeptide, is refractory to the inhibitory effect of glucose in obesity

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