The growth of inorganic salt whiskers from solution

Charsley, P.; Rush, Peder E.

doi:10.1080/14786435808236841

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Others studied whisker formation on porous materials, such as clay and porcelain, when they were in contact with salt solutions. 1,[3][4][5][6] Most research concerned alkali halide whiskers with diameters on the order of micrometers to tens of micrometers. Work on this topic continued into the early 1970s, a time when there was considerable interest in single-crystal whiskers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some studies supported this mechanism 6,14 and others did not. 4,15,16 Amelinckx 17,18 proposed that the base growth of whiskers could be launched from a defect at the edge of the whisker. Shichiri 15 considered another mode of base growth; he proposed that 2D nucleation occurs on the bottom surface of the whisker, which is in contact with a liquid layer, and then growth occurs by ion addition there.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In one of these early reports, aqueous sodium silicate gels containing dissolved salts were prepared and, on drying, irregular masses of fibrous, whiskerlike crystals appeared on their surfaces. Others studied whisker formation on porous materials, such as clay and porcelain, when they were in contact with salt solutions. ,− Most research concerned alkali halide whiskers with diameters on the order of micrometers to tens of micrometers. Work on this topic continued into the early 1970s, a time when there was considerable interest in single-crystal whiskers .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this mechanism, a thin layer of liquid adheres to the whisker surface and is driven up to the tip by a surface tension gradient arising from a salt concentration gradient; growth occurs at an axial dislocation located at the tip of the whisker. Some studies supported this mechanism , and others did not. ,, Amelinckx , proposed that the base growth of whiskers could be launched from a defect at the edge of the whisker. Shichiri considered another mode of base growth; he proposed that 2D nucleation occurs on the bottom surface of the whisker, which is in contact with a liquid layer, and then growth occurs by ion addition there.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Formation of Salt Crystal Whiskers on Porous Nanoparticle Coatings

Zhang

Francis

2009

Langmuir

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Salt crystal whiskers were grown from aqueous solution on porous nanoparticle silica coatings. Coated substrates were partially immersed in an aqueous potassium chloride solution and then kept in a controlled relative humidity chamber for whisker growth. The salt solution was pulled into the porous coating, reaching a steady level about 1 h after immersion. Crystals with whisker morphologies, typically 2-50 microm in lateral dimension and up to approximately 1 cm in length, emerged from the coating surface at a position above the original liquid level. Crystallites pushed upward by attached whiskers indicated a base growth mechanism in which ions are added to the surface of a growing whisker that is in contact with the coating. Sheetlike crystals formed from the base growth of whiskers that had fallen flat onto the porous coating surface. The effects of solution concentration and relative humidity on growth were characterized and used to elaborate the transport phenomena and growth mechanisms. Salt whiskers were also grown on bare substrates immersed in salt solutions containing nanoparticles. In this case, growth occurred below the original contact line on coatings created by convective assembly.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%