The gut microbial metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide and cardiovascular diseases

Jing, Zhen; Zhou, Zhou; He, Min; Han, Hai-Xiang; Lv, En-Hui; Wen, Pengbo; Liu, Xin; Wang, Yanting; Cai, Xiwen; Tian, Jiaqi; Zhang, Meng-Ying; Liu, Xiao; Kang, Xingxing

doi:10.3389/fendo.2023.1085041

Cited by 67 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 156 publications

(166 reference statements)

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“…The gut microbiome has been implicated in the development and progression of CVD through various poorly understood mechanisms, including modulation of host metabolism, inflammation, and immune function. [46][47][48] Bacterial epigenomics (ie, DNA methylation, posttranslational modifications of histone-like proteins, and noncoding RNA) have been shown to play critical roles in bacterial virulence, metabolism, and adaptation to the host environment in bacteria 49 ; however, until recently, a significant challenge on the progress of this research has been the lack of efficient and straightforward methods for comprehensive genomic methylome profiling in bacteria. 50 Nevertheless, there is a growing interest in gut bacterial epigenomics as a promising area of research for understanding the mechanisms underlying the gut microbiome's contribution to CVD.…”

Section: Gut Bacterial Epigenomics and Cardiovascular Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetics of Early Cardiometabolic Disease: Mechanisms and Precision Medicine

Baccarelli¹,

Ordovas

2023

Circulation Research

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Epigenetics has transformed our understanding of the molecular basis of complex diseases, including cardiovascular and metabolic disorders. This review offers a comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge on epigenetic processes implicated in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, highlighting the potential of DNA methylation as a precision medicine biomarker and examining the impact of social determinants of health, gut bacterial epigenomics, noncoding RNA, and epitranscriptomics on disease development and progression. We discuss challenges and barriers to advancing cardiometabolic epigenetics research, along with the opportunities for novel preventive strategies, targeted therapies, and personalized medicine approaches that may arise from a better understanding of epigenetic processes. Emerging technologies, such as single-cell sequencing and epigenetic editing, hold the potential to further enhance our ability to dissect the complex interplay between genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. To translate research findings into clinical practice, interdisciplinary collaborations, technical and ethical considerations, and accessibility of resources and knowledge are crucial. Ultimately, the field of epigenetics has the potential to revolutionize the way we approach cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, paving the way for precision medicine and personalized health care, and improving the lives of millions of individuals worldwide affected by these conditions.

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Section: Gut Bacterial Epigenomics and Cardiovascular Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetics of Early Cardiometabolic Disease: Mechanisms and Precision Medicine

Baccarelli¹,

Ordovas

2023

Circulation Research

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“…Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is a metabolite that is produced by certain gut bacteria from dietary nutrients, such as choline and carnitine [ 43 ]. Chemotherapy-induced changes in the gut microbiota can increase the production of TMAO, which has been linked to an increased risk of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease.…”

Section: Cancer Treatment Efficacy and Toxicity Are Influenced By Gut...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, gut metabolites such as TMAO might serve as a link between gut microbiota-induced cardiotoxicity and chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity. In addition, an imbalance in gut microbiota composition and function can lead to chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, and other factors that can contribute to the development of cardiovascular disease, including cardiotoxicity induced by chemotherapy [ 43 , 46 ]. While the exact mechanisms underlying the relationship between gut microbiota and chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity are not yet fully understood, these findings suggest that targeting the microbiome may be a promising strategy for mitigating the cardiovascular side effects of cancer treatment.…”

Section: Cancer Treatment Efficacy and Toxicity Are Influenced By Gut...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Involvement of Gut Microbiota in Cancer Therapy-Induced Cardiotoxicity

Kunika

Frey

Rangrez

2023

IJMS

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Trillions of microbes in the human intestinal tract, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa, are collectively referred to as the gut microbiome. Recent technological developments have led to a significant increase in our understanding of the human microbiome. It has been discovered that the microbiome affects both health and the progression of diseases, including cancer and heart disease. Several studies have indicated that the gut microbiota may serve as a potential target in cancer therapy modulation, by enhancing the effectiveness of chemotherapy and/or immunotherapy. Moreover, altered microbiome composition has been linked to the long-term effects of cancer therapy; for example, the deleterious effects of chemotherapy on microbial diversity can, in turn, lead to acute dysbiosis and serious gastrointestinal toxicity. Specifically, the relationship between the microbiome and cardiac diseases in cancer patients following therapy is poorly understood. In this article, we provide a summary of the role of the microbiome in cancer treatment, while also speculating on a potential connection between treatment-related microbial changes and cardiotoxicity. Through a brief review of the literature, we further explore which bacterial families or genera were differentially affected in cancer treatment and cardiac disease. A deeper understanding of the link between the gut microbiome and cardiotoxicity caused by cancer treatment may help lower the risk of this critical and potentially fatal side effect.

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“…[4][5][6] Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a gut microbiota-dependent metabolite, has been shown to be involved in the occurrence and development of CVD, either directly or indirectly, and is an important risk factor for CVD. [7] One of the risk factors for CVD is hypertension. The 2017 AHA/ACC hypertension guidelines defined grade 1 hypertension as 130/80mmHg, [8] resulting in a significant increase in hypertension prevalence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between trimethylamine N-oxide and the risk of hypertension in patients with cardiovascular disease: A meta-analysis and dose-response relationship analysis

Han,

Guo,

Chen

et al. 2024

Medicine

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Background: The gut microbiota-dependent metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) has recently been recognized to be one of the risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, there is a scarcity of data on the relationship between circulating TMAO levels and hypertension in patients with CVD. Meta analysis and a dose-response relationship were used in this study to assess the relationship between circulating trimethylamine N-oxide levels and the risk of hypertension in patients with CVD. Methods: CNKI, Wanfang Database, Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched up to June 01, 2023. Meta-analysis and dose-response analysis of relative risk data from prospective cohort studies reporting on the relationship between circulating TMAO levels and hypertension risk in patients with CVD were conducted. Results: Fifteen studies with a total of 15,498 patients were included in the present meta-analysis. Compared with a lower circulating TMAO level, a higher TMAO level was associated with a higher risk of hypertension in patients with CVD (RR = 1.14,95%CI (1.08, 1.20)). And the higher the TMAO level, the greater the risk of hypertension. The dose-response analysis revealed a linear dose-response relationship between circulating TMAO levels and the risk of hypertension in patients with CVD. The risk of hypertension increased by 1.014% when the circulating TMAO level increased by 1 μ mol/L. Conclusion: In patients with CVD, the level of circulating TMAO is significantly related to the risk of hypertension. The risk of hypertension increased by 1.014% for every 1 μ mol/L increase in circulating TMAO levels.

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The gut microbial metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide and cardiovascular diseases

Cited by 67 publications

References 156 publications

Epigenetics of Early Cardiometabolic Disease: Mechanisms and Precision Medicine

Epigenetics of Early Cardiometabolic Disease: Mechanisms and Precision Medicine

Exploring the Involvement of Gut Microbiota in Cancer Therapy-Induced Cardiotoxicity

Relationship between trimethylamine N-oxide and the risk of hypertension in patients with cardiovascular disease: A meta-analysis and dose-response relationship analysis

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