The Gut Microbiome and Individual-Specific Responses to Diet

Leshem, Avner; Segal, Eran; Elinav, Eran

doi:10.1128/msystems.00665-20

Cited by 75 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 169 publications

(197 reference statements)

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“…A large number of clinical studies and epidemiological investigations suggest that changes in the environmental status of the host have an essential impact on the gut microbiome ( Dominianni et al, 2015 ; Tamburini et al, 2016 ; Zmora et al, 2019 ; Leshem et al, 2020 ). Previously, internal and external factors, like age, sex, dietary, smoking status, immune state, metabolites and environment, were reported to affect gut microbiome composition in the general population ( Dominguez-Bello et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut Microbial Dysbiosis and Plasma Metabolic Profile in Individuals With Vitiligo

Wang

et al. 2020

Front. Microbiol.

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Autoimmune diseases are increasingly linked to aberrant gut microbiome and relevant metabolites. However, the association between vitiligo and the gut microbiome remains to be elucidated. Thus, we conducted a case-control study through 16S rRNA sequencing and serum untargeted-metabolomic profiling based on 30 vitiligo patients and 30 matched healthy controls. In vitiligo patients, the microbial composition was distinct from that of healthy controls according to the analysis on α- and β-diversity (P < 0.05), with a characteristic decreased Bacteroidetes: Firmicutes ratio. Meanwhile, the levels of 23 serum metabolites (including taurochenodeoxycholate and L-NG-monomethyl-arginine) in the vitiligo patients were different from those in the healthy individuals and showed significant correlations with some microbial markers. We found that Corynebacterium 1, Ruminococcus 2, Jeotgalibaca and Psychrobacter were correlated significantly with disease duration and serum IL-1β level in vitiligo patients. And Psychrobacter was identified as the most predictive features for vitiligo by machine learning analysis (“importance” = 0.0236). Finally, combining multi-omics data and joint prediction models with accuracies up to 0.929 were established with dominant contribution of Corynebacterium 1 and Psychrobacter. Our findings replenished the previously unknown relationship between gut dysbiosis and vitiligo circulating metabolome and enrolled the gut-skin axis into the understanding of vitiligo pathogenesis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut Microbial Dysbiosis and Plasma Metabolic Profile in Individuals With Vitiligo

Wang

et al. 2020

Front. Microbiol.

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“…Dietary habits constitute a strong driver of interpersonal variance in the gut microbiome composition, and its influence prevails over that of genetics by most estimates [17]. In our study, we investigated the therapeutic effect of the personalized diet on individual gut microbiome and the disease specific symptoms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial Intelligence based personalized diet: A pilot clinical study for IBS

Karakan

Gündoğdu

Alagözlü

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background and aims: Certain diets often used to manage functional gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Personalized diet-induced microbiome modulation is being preferred method for symptom improvement in IBS. Although personalized nutritional therapies targeting gut microbiota using artificial intelligence (AI) promises a great potential, this approach has not been studied in patients with IBS. Therefore, in this study we investigated the efficacy of AI-based personalized microbiome diet in patients with IBS-Mix (M). Methods: This study was designed as a pilot, open-labelled study. We enrolled consecutive IBS-M patients (n=25, 19 females, 46.06 (std. 13.11 years) according to Rome IV criteria. Fecal samples were obtained from all patients twice (pre- and post-intervention) and high-througput 16S rRNA sequencing was performed. Patients were divided into two groups based on age, gender and microbiome matched. Six weeks of AI-based microbiome diet (n=14) for group 1 and standard IBS diet (Control group, n=11) for group 2 were followed. AI-based diet was designed based on optimizing a personalized nutritional strategy by an algorithm regarding individual gut microbiome features. An algorithm assessing an IBS index score using microbiome composition attempted to design the optimized diets based on modulating microbiome towards the healthy scores. Baseline and post intervention IBS-SSS (symptom severity scale) scores and fecal microbiome analyses were compared. Results: The IBS-SSS evaluation for both pre- and post-intervention exhibited significant improvement (p<0.02 and p<0.001 for the control and intervention groups, respectively). While the IBS-SSS evaluation changed to moderate from severe in 82% (14 out of 17) of the intervention group, no such change was observed in the control group. After 6-weeks of intervention, a major shift in microbiota profiles in terms of alfa- or beta-diversity was not observed in both groups. A trend of decrease in Ruminococcaceae family for the intervention group was observed (p=0.17). A statistically significant increase in Faecalibacterium genus was observed in the intervention group (p = 0.04). Bacteroides and putatively probiotic genus Propionibacterium were increased in the intervention group, however Prevotella was increased in the control group. The change (delta) values in IBS-SSS scores (beforeafter) intervention and control groups are significantly higher in the intervention group. Conclusion: AI-based personalized microbiome modulation through diet significantly improves IBS-related symptoms in patients with IBS-M. Further large scale, randomized placebo controlled trials with long-term follow-up (durability) are needed.

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“…Portanto, o microbioma intestinal é fortemente influenciado pela composição (onívora, carnívora e herbívora), quantidade de ácidos graxos, carboidratos e proteínas, momento da dieta, pois o momento da alimentação tem um efeito predominante nas funções metabólicas e imunológicas. Um padrão de alimentação irregular pode resultar em comprometimento das funções fisiológicas, piorando o quadro de disbiose estabelecido, sendo que alguns elementos da dieta agem como imunomoduladores e afetam a composição do microbioma (MUEGGE, 2011;LESHEM, SEGAL, ELINAV, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Valores De LDL-C E Consumo Habitual De Ácido Graxo Saturado Esteárico Em Adultos Do Município De João Pessoa/Pb: Um Olhar Para Hipercolesterolemia

Santos¹,

Cosmo²,

Raposo³

et al. 2021

Nutrição Sob a Ótica Teórica E Prática

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Direitos para esta edição cedidos à Atena Editora pelos autores. Todo o conteúdo deste livro está licenciado sob uma Licença de Atribuição Creative Commons. Atribuição-Não-Comercial-NãoDerivativos 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0).O conteúdo dos artigos e seus dados em sua forma, correção e confiabilidade são de responsabilidade exclusiva dos autores, inclusive não representam necessariamente a posição oficial da Atena Editora. Permitido o download da obra e o compartilhamento desde que sejam atribuídos créditos aos autores, mas sem a possibilidade de alterá-la de nenhuma forma ou utilizá-la para fins comerciais. Todos os manuscritos foram previamente submetidos à avaliação cega pelos pares, membros do Conselho Editorial desta Editora, tendo sido aprovados para a publicação com base em critérios de neutralidade e imparcialidade acadêmica.A Atena Editora é comprometida em garantir a integridade editorial em todas as etapas do processo de publicação, evitando plágio, dados ou resultados fraudulentos e impedindo que interesses financeiros comprometam os padrões éticos da publicação. Situações suspeitas de má conduta científica serão investigadas sob o mais alto padrão de rigor acadêmico e ético.

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The Gut Microbiome and Individual-Specific Responses to Diet

Cited by 75 publications

References 169 publications

Gut Microbial Dysbiosis and Plasma Metabolic Profile in Individuals With Vitiligo

Gut Microbial Dysbiosis and Plasma Metabolic Profile in Individuals With Vitiligo

Artificial Intelligence based personalized diet: A pilot clinical study for IBS

Valores De LDL-C E Consumo Habitual De Ácido Graxo Saturado Esteárico Em Adultos Do Município De João Pessoa/Pb: Um Olhar Para Hipercolesterolemia

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