The gut microbiome and neuropsychiatric disorders: implications for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

Mathee, Kalai; Cickovski, Trevor; Deoraj, Alok; Stollstorff, Melanie; Narasimhan, Giri

doi:10.1099/jmm.0.001112

Cited by 54 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 131 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It has been extensively reported that disruptions in dopaminergic and serotonergic systems are associated with the appearance of mood-related disorders and cognitive functions [ 46 , 47 ]. Therefore, the connections established between these neurotransmitters and the gut microbiome may provide evidence for the role of these microorganisms in the pathophysiology of diverse neuropsychiatric disorders, such as anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder and neurodevelopmental disorders, such as ASD and ADHD [ 48 , 49 ]. Other neurotransmitters, such as glutamate (Glu) and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), are also synthesized by the gut microbiota [ 50 , 51 ].…”

Section: Gut Microbiome and Neurodevelopment: The Gut–brain Axismentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Evidence on the Role of the Gut Microbiome in ADHD Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Implications

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Studies suggest that the bidirectional relationship existent between the gut microbiome (GM) and the central nervous system (CNS), or so-called the microbiome–gut–brain axis (MGBA), is involved in diverse neuropsychiatric diseases in children and adults. In pediatric age, most studies have focused on patients with autism. However, evidence of the role played by the MGBA in attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), the most common neurodevelopmental disorder in childhood, is still scanty and heterogeneous. This review aims to provide the current evidence on the functioning of the MGBA in pediatric patients with ADHD and the specific role of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFAs) in this interaction, as well as the potential of the GM as a therapeutic target for ADHD. We will explore: (1) the diverse communication pathways between the GM and the CNS; (2) changes in the GM composition in children and adolescents with ADHD and association with ADHD pathophysiology; (3) influence of the GM on the ω-3 PUFA imbalance characteristically found in ADHD; (4) interaction between the GM and circadian rhythm regulation, as sleep disorders are frequently comorbid with ADHD; (5) finally, we will evaluate the most recent studies on the use of probiotics in pediatric patients with ADHD.

show abstract

Section: Gut Microbiome and Neurodevelopment: The Gut–brain Axismentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Evidence on the Role of the Gut Microbiome in ADHD Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Implications

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There appear to be a number of communication channels through which the microbiome can influence neural pathways in the brain, including changes in immunity, metabolism, and endocrine function (Cenit et al, 2017;Mathee et al, 2020). Responsible for much of the communication between the gut and the brain, the vagus nerve plays a role in the regulation of emotional responses, and controls the autonomic nervous system (Breit et al, 2018).…”

Section: Dysbiosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition Provides the Essential Foundation for Optimizing Mental Health

Rucklidge

Johnstone

Kaplan

2021

Evidence-Based Practice in Child and Adolescent Mental Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Although current evidence confirms the importance of diet for mental health, many psychologists avoid discussing dietary intake with clients, questioning whether this information is within their scope of practice. This article provides psychologists with a review focused on the connection between what we eat and how we feel. Eating a healthy, whole-foods-based diet is an important tool to promote mental health recovery and maintenance. We begin by reviewing several mechanisms by which nutrients maximize brain health, including enabling metabolic reactions to occur, supporting mitochondrial function, reducing inflammation and assisting with detoxification. Understanding the vital role of nutrients for brain health will aid clients in understanding the importance of optimizing their intake of a range of nutrients in order to maximize their mental health: no single nutrient is sufficient. Next, we summarize evidence relating diet to mental health, followed by a consideration of circumstances that may contribute to a client requiring additional nutrients, such as chronic stress, medication use, individual biochemistry, and consuming nutrientdepleted food. The evidence base for treating psychological problems in children with supplementary nutrients is then reviewed, and a case study of a child whose self-regulatory skills improved with broad-spectrum multinutrients is used to illustrate this treatment. The breadth and consistency of the research highlights the importance of children receiving a good foundation of nutrients for optimizing brain health. Finally, we offer practical suggestions for psychologists to incorporate this information into their clinical practice and discuss these suggestions within the context of informed consent.

show abstract

“…Attention deficit with or without hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most frequently reported neuropsychiatric disorders, especially in school-age children [ 1 ]. According to the Fifth Edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), it is characterized by persistent and pervasive problems with inattention and/ or hyperactivity/impulsivity [ 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elementary school teachers knowledge and attitude towards attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder in Gondar, Ethiopia: a multi-institutional study

Dessie

Techane

Tesfaye

et al. 2021

Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background A child suffering from attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) faces many difficulties in social as well as academic performances. School teachers’ knowledge and attitude towards ADHD play a vital role in early detection and referral of the child to treatment centers. Few existing reports, however, indicate the alarming rate at which the problem is highly neglected in sub-Saharan Africa. The present study is designed to determine the knowledge, attitude, and factors that affecting elementary school teachers about ADHD. Methods An institutional-based cross-sectional study design was conducted in Gondar town and other towns nearby Gondar from February 24 to March 24, 2020. Data were collected through structured self -administered questionnaires using the Knowledge of Attention Deficit Disorders Scale and ADHD-specific attitudes measurement tools. Then, it was entered into Epi-info version 7 and exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Bivariable and multivariate logistic regressions were fitted to identify factors associated with the knowledge and attitude of elementary school teachers. Variables having a p-value < 0.05 at 95% CI were considered statistically significant. Result Of 636 respondents, about 44.8% (95% CI 41.2, 48.4) and 84.1% (95% CI 81.0, 86.8) of elementary school teachers had good knowledge and a favorable attitude towards ADHD, respectively. Having a diploma and above (AOR = 3.028, 95% CI 1.630–5.625), reading ADHD leaflets (AOR = 2.035, 95% CI 1.391, 2.950) and search ADHD on the internet (AOR = 1.793, 95% CI 1.090, 2.950) were significantly associated with teachers knowledge to ADHD; whereas, working experience in teaching a child with ADHD (AOR = 1.852, 95% CI 1.195–2.87) and watching ADHD on mass media (AOR = 1.72, 95% CI 1.056–2.8) were positively predicts teachers attitude towards ADHD. Conclusion the proportion of teachers’ knowledge towards ADHD was low; in contrast, their attitude was relatively satisfactory. Strengthening teachers’ educational upgrading system, frequent and fair distribution of leaflets written to address ADHD, installation of an internet system to the schools, and continuous ADHD awareness creation programs through mass media are highly recommended.

show abstract

The gut microbiome and neuropsychiatric disorders: implications for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

Cited by 54 publications

References 131 publications

Current Evidence on the Role of the Gut Microbiome in ADHD Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Implications

Current Evidence on the Role of the Gut Microbiome in ADHD Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Implications

Nutrition Provides the Essential Foundation for Optimizing Mental Health

Elementary school teachers knowledge and attitude towards attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder in Gondar, Ethiopia: a multi-institutional study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About