The gut microbiota attenuate neuroinflammation in manganese exposure by inhibiting cerebral NLRP3 inflammasome

Alterations in the Gut-Microbial-Inflammasome-Brain Axis in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease

“…We further report that increased peripheral inflammasome activation triggers NLRP3-mediated neuroinflammation in the brains of 5xFAD mice. The observation that the gut microbiota and peripheral inflammation promote neuroinflammation during neurodegenerative conditions is consistent with previous reports [30,57,58].…”

“…The activated NLRP3 inflammasome is a critical driver of neuroinflammation in AD as shown by several past studies [48,80]. In this context, there is growing amount of evidence supporting the occurrence of the dynamic interplay between the gut microbiota and the NLRP3 inflammasome, currently referred to as a microbiota-gut-inflammasome-brain axis, where gut microbiota modulate peripheral inflammatory pathways through inflammasome signaling that, in turn, contribute to and/or influence CNS neuroinflammation [29,30,34,52,58]. NLRP3 recognizes the microbe-associated molecular patterns expressed by gut microbiota, and changes in microbial composition are associated with increased levels of NLRP3 in the plasma of patients with cognitive impairment and brain amyloidosis [52].…”

Fecal microbiota transplantation ameliorates gut microbiota imbalance and intestinal barrier damage in rats with stress‐induced depressive‐like behavior

“…Recent researches also point out that changes in the gut microbiota would lead to a systemic inflammation that in different ways would reach the CNS‐modulating inflammatory pathways and especially the microglia, which could influence responses to treatments (Ma et al, 2019). Previous study reported that transplantation of gut microbiota from normal rats into Mn exposure rats reduced Aβ and Tau expression, and the cerebral expression of NLRP3 was downregulated, and the expression of neuroinflammatory factors was also downregulated (Wang et al, 2020). The expression of inflammasome was significantly increased in depressive‐like rat compared with control groups, FMT suppressed the high mRNA levels of inflammasome induced by CUMS stimulation in the PFC and hippocampus of rats.…”

The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis in Health and Disease and Its Implications for Translational Research

“…Fecal microbiome transplantation from normal control rats into rats exposed to Mn resulted in reduced amyloid β and Tau expression and downregulated NLRP3 and other neuroinflammatory factors. Hence, remodeling the gut microbiota in Mn exposer could be used as a therapeutic strategy to dampen neuroinflammation (Wang et al, 2020).…”

“…Further, it was shown in a recent study that gut microbiota from AD patients can promote intestinal inflammatory response by activating intestinal NLRP3 inflammasome (Shen et al, 2020). Gut microbiota from AD patients were transplanted into New mechanism of neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease: The activation of NLRP3 inflammasome mediated by gut microbiota Kim et al, 2020 Transfer of a healthy microbiota reduces amyloid and tau pathology in an Alzheimer's disease animal model Mezö et al, 2020 Different effects of constitutive and induced microbiota modulation on microglia in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease Wang et al, 2020 The gut microbiota attenuate neuroinflammation in manganese exposure by inhibiting cerebral NLRP3 inflammasome Amelioration of AD pathology Bourassa et al, 2016 Butyrate, neuroepigenetics and the gut microbiome: Can a high fiber diet improve brain health? Bonfili et al, 2017 Microbiota modulation counteracts Alzheimer's disease progression influencing neuronal proteolysis and gut hormones plasma levels Bonfili et al, 2018 SLAB51 probiotic formulation activates SIRT1 pathway promoting antioxidant and neuroprotective effects in an AD mouse model Rezaeiasl et al, 2019 The effects of probiotic Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium Strains on memory and learning behavior, long-term potentiation (LTP), and some biochemical parameters in β-amyloid-induced rat's model of Alzheimer's disease Lee et al, 2019 Suppression of gut dysbiosis by Bifidobacterium longum alleviates cognitive decline in 5XFAD transgenic and aged mice Mehrabadi and Sadr, 2020 Assessment of probiotics mixture on memory function, inflammation markers, and oxidative stress in an Alzheimer's disease model of rats Aggravation of stroke pathology Singh et al, 2016 Microbiota dysbiosis controls the neuroinflammatory response after stroke Yamashiro et al, 2017 Gut dysbiosis is associated with metabolism and systemic inflammation in patients with ischemic stroke Stanley et al, 2018 An insight into intestinal mucosal microbiota disruption after stroke Ahnstedt et al, 2020 Sex differences in T cell immune responses, gut permeability and outcome after ischemic stroke in aged mice Jeon et al, 2020 Dynamic changes in the gut microbiome at the acute stage of ischemic stroke in a pig model Xu et al, 2021 Rapid gut dysbiosis induced by stroke exacerbates brain infarction in turn Amelioration of stroke pathology Wang et al, 2011 Valproic acid attenuates blood-brain barrier disruption in a rat model of transient focal cerebral ischemia: the roles of HDAC and MMP-9 inhibition Hasan et al, 2013 Effect of HDAC inhibitors on neuroprotection and neurite outgrowth in primary rat cortical neurons followin...…”