The Gut Microbiota: Ecology and Function

Willing, Benjamin P.; Jansson, Janet K.

doi:10.1128/9781555816865.ch3

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 140 publications

(139 reference statements)

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“…The bacterial associations that characterized the recovery phase in ABXFT animals were more numerous and almost wholly different from those in ABX lemurs, suggesting that multitudinous microbial interactions underpin some of the effects of fecal transfaunation. These findings are consistent with the concept of competitive exclusion, whereby the diverse group of reintroduced, native bacteria outcompete pathogenic or opportunistic microbes 66,67 . Although there is much to learn about the modes of action in successful transfaunation, we add to the mounting evidence that they are a promising tool to hasten recovery from dysbiosis [68][69][70] .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Longitudinal effects of antibiotics and fecal transplant on lemur gut microbiota structure, associations, and resistomes

Bornbusch

Harris

Grebe

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Antibiotics alter the diversity, structure, and dynamics of host-associated microbial consortia, including via development of antibiotic resistance; however, patterns of recovery from dysbiosis and methods to mitigate negative effects, remain poorly understood. We applied an ecological framework via long-term, integrated study of community structure, across scales, to improve understanding of host-microbe symbiosis during dysbiosis and recovery. We experimentally administered a broad-spectrum antibiotic alone or with subsequent fecal transfaunation to healthy, male ring-tailed lemurs (Lemur catta) and longitudinally tracked the diversity, composition, associations, and resistomes of their gut microbiota. Whereas microbial diversity recovered rapidly in lemurs, antibiotics caused long-term instability in community composition – effects that were attenuated by fecal transfaunation. Antibiotic resistance genes, which were universally present, including in treatment-naïve subjects, increased during and persisted after antibiotic treatment. Long-term, integrated study post antibiotic-induced dysbiosis revealed differential, metric-dependent evidence of recovery, beneficial effects of fecal transfaunation, and negative consequences to lemur resistomes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%