The Gut Microbiota Is Associated with Vascular Function and Blood Pressure Phenotypes in Overweight and Obese Middle-Aged/Older Adults (P21-024-19)

Johnson, Sarah A.; Litwin, Nicole S.; Ark, Hannah Van; Fischer, Emily; Michell, Kiri; Vazquez, Allegra R.; Lee, Dustin; Trikha, S. Raj J.; Wrigley, Scott D.; Melby, Christopher L.; Gentile, Christopher L.; Weir, Tiffany L.

doi:10.1093/cdn/nzz041.p21-024-19

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…A study of obese children and adolescents noted a significant positive association between endothelial dysfunction markers such as ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 and changes in gut microbiota [116]. Similarly, a cross-sectional study of aging overweight and obese individuals found that independently of BMI, gut microbiota phenotypes correlated positively with vascular endothelial dysfunction as assessed by reactive hyperaemia index [117].…”

Section: Endothelial Dysfunction Is the Key Driver Of Microvascular Dysfunction In Obesitymentioning

confidence: 96%

Skeletal Muscle Microvascular Dysfunction in Obesity-Related Insulin Resistance: Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Therapeutic Perspectives

Ugwoke

Cvetko

Umek

2022

IJMS

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Obesity is a worrisomely escalating public health problem globally and one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality from noncommunicable disease. The epidemiological link between obesity and a broad spectrum of cardiometabolic disorders has been well documented; however, the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are only partially understood, and effective treatment options remain scarce. Given its critical role in glucose metabolism, skeletal muscle has increasingly become a focus of attention in understanding the mechanisms of impaired insulin function in obesity and the associated metabolic sequalae. We examined the current evidence on the relationship between microvascular dysfunction and insulin resistance in obesity. A growing body of evidence suggest an intimate and reciprocal relationship between skeletal muscle microvascular and glucometabolic physiology. The obesity phenotype is characterized by structural and functional changes in the skeletal muscle microcirculation which contribute to insulin dysfunction and disturbed glucose homeostasis. Several interconnected etiologic molecular mechanisms have been suggested, including endothelial dysfunction by several factors, extracellular matrix remodelling, and induction of oxidative stress and the immunoinflammatory phenotype. We further correlated currently available pharmacological agents that have deductive therapeutic relevance to the explored pathophysiological mechanisms, highlighting a potential clinical perspective in obesity treatment.

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Section: Endothelial Dysfunction Is the Key Driver Of Microvascular Dysfunction In Obesitymentioning

confidence: 96%

Skeletal Muscle Microvascular Dysfunction in Obesity-Related Insulin Resistance: Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Therapeutic Perspectives

Ugwoke

Cvetko

Umek

2022

IJMS

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Discrepant gut microbiota markers for the classification of obesity-related metabolic abnormalities

Zeng¹,

He³

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

284

175

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The gut microbiota (GM) is related to obesity and other metabolic diseases. To detect GM markers for obesity in patients with different metabolic abnormalities and investigate their relationships with clinical indicators, 1,914 Chinese adults were enrolled for 16S rRNA gene sequencing in this retrospective study. Based on GM composition, Random forest classifiers were constructed to screen the obesity patients with (Group OA) or without metabolic diseases (Group O) from healthy individuals (Group H), and high accuracies were observed for the discrimination of Group O and Group OA (areas under the receiver operating curve (AUC) equal to 0.68 and 0.76, respectively). Furthermore, six GM markers were shared by obesity patients with various metabolic disorders (Bacteroides, Parabacteroides, Blautia, Alistipes, Romboutsia and Roseburia). As for the discrimination with Group O, Group OA exhibited low accuracy (AUC = 0.57). Nonetheless, GM classifications to distinguish between Group O and the obese patients with specific metabolic abnormalities were not accurate (AUC values from 0.59 to 0.66). Common biomarkers were identified for the obesity patients with high uric acid, high serum lipids and high blood pressure, such as Clostridium XIVa, Bacteroides and Roseburia. A total of 20 genera were associated with multiple significant clinical indicators. For example, Blautia, Romboutsia, Ruminococcus2, Clostridium sensu stricto and Dorea were positively correlated with indicators of bodyweight (including waistline and body mass index) and serum lipids (including low density lipoprotein, triglyceride and total cholesterol). In contrast, the aforementioned clinical indicators were negatively associated with Bacteroides, Roseburia, Butyricicoccus, Alistipes, Parasutterella, Parabacteroides and Clostridium IV. Generally, these biomarkers hold the potential to predict obesity-related metabolic abnormalities, and interventions based on these biomarkers might be beneficial to weight loss and metabolic risk improvement.

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Gut microbiota in a population highly affected by obesity and type 2 diabetes and susceptibility to COVID-19

García‐Mena¹,

Corona-Cervantes²,

Cuervo-Zanatta³

et al. 2021

WJG

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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a disease produced by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and it is currently causing a catastrophic pandemic affecting humans worldwide. This disease has been lethal for approximately 3.12 million people around the world since January 2020. Globally, among the most affected countries, Mexico ranks third in deaths after the United States of America and Brazil. Although the high number of deceased people might also be explained by social aspects and lifestyle customs in Mexico, there is a relationship between this high proportion of deaths and comorbidities such as high blood pressure (HBP), type 2 diabetes, obesity, and metabolic syndrome. The official epidemiological figures reported by the Mexican government have indicated that 18.4% of the population suffers from HBP, close to 10.3% of adults suffer from type 2 diabetes, and approximately 36.1% of the population suffers from obesity. Disbalances in the gut microbiota (GM) have been associated with these diseases and with COVID-19 severity, presumably due to inflammatory dysfunction. Recent data about the association between GM dysbiosis and metabolic diseases could suggest that the high levels of susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 morbidity in the Mexican population are primarily due to the prevalence of type 2 diabetes, obesity, and metabolic syndrome.

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The Gut Microbiota Is Associated with Vascular Function and Blood Pressure Phenotypes in Overweight and Obese Middle-Aged/Older Adults (P21-024-19)

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Skeletal Muscle Microvascular Dysfunction in Obesity-Related Insulin Resistance: Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Therapeutic Perspectives

Skeletal Muscle Microvascular Dysfunction in Obesity-Related Insulin Resistance: Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Therapeutic Perspectives

Discrepant gut microbiota markers for the classification of obesity-related metabolic abnormalities

Gut microbiota in a population highly affected by obesity and type 2 diabetes and susceptibility to COVID-19

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