The Gut Virome: A Neglected Actor in Colon Cancer Pathogenesis

Dahiya, Dinesh Kumar; Renuka, .

doi:10.2217/fmb-2017-0159

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Therefore, the prevalence of CRC is much higher in the large intestine than in the small intestine. This is attributed to the higher microbial population in the large intestine, especially the gut virome and bacteriophages (Dahiya and Renuka 2017;Sun and Kato 2016). An example of the relationship between present microflora and the type of resulting cancer is infections with Streptococcus bovis (SB), which includes Strep.…”

Section: Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiota’s role in health and diseases

El-Sayed

Aleya

Kamel

2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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The microbiome is a term that usually refers to the community of various microorganisms that inhabit/live inside human/animal bodies or on their skin. It forms a complex ecosystem that includes trillions of commensals, symbiotics, and even pathogenic microorganisms. The external environment, diet, and lifestyle are the major determinants influencing the microbiome's composition and vitality. Recent studies have indicated the tremendous influence of the microbiome on health and disease. Their number, constitution, variation, and viability are dynamic. All these elements are responsible for the induction, development, and treatment of many health disorders. Serious diseases such as cancer, metabolic disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and even psychological disorders such as schizophrenia are influenced directly or indirectly by microbiota. In addition, in the last few weeks, accumulating data about the link between COVID-19 and the microbiota were published. In the present work, the role of the microbiome in health and disease is discussed. A deep understanding of the exact role of microbiota in disease induction enables the prevention of diseases and the development of new therapeutic concepts for most diseases through the correction of diet and lifestyle. The present review brings together evidence from the most recent works and discusses suggested nutraceutical approaches for the management of COVID-19 pandemic.

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Section: Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiota’s role in health and diseases

El-Sayed

Aleya

Kamel

2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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“…Most microbiome research to date has focused on bacterial communities, with descriptions of the virome only recently gaining traction [ 25 , 27 , 89 ]. Understanding the gut virome is relevant to both the host and the cellular microbiome because viruses, whether infecting eukaryotic, bacterial or archaeal hosts, can have profound influences in shaping gut homeostasis [ 18 , 26 , 90 ]. Here, we described ssDNA phages found in the Ciona gut in an effort to further characterize the virome of this invertebrate model organism.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unprecedented Diversity of ssDNA Phages from the Family Microviridae Detected within the Gut of a Protochordate Model Organism (Ciona robusta)

Creasy

Rosario

Leigh

et al. 2018

Viruses

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Phages (viruses that infect bacteria) play important roles in the gut ecosystem through infection of bacterial hosts, yet the gut virome remains poorly characterized. Mammalian gut viromes are dominated by double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) phages belonging to the order Caudovirales and single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) phages belonging to the family Microviridae. Since the relative proportion of each of these phage groups appears to correlate with age and health status in humans, it is critical to understand both ssDNA and dsDNA phages in the gut. Building upon prior research describing dsDNA viruses in the gut of Ciona robusta, a marine invertebrate model system used to study gut microbial interactions, this study investigated ssDNA phages found in the Ciona gut. We identified 258 Microviridae genomes, which were dominated by novel members of the Gokushovirinae subfamily, but also represented several proposed phylogenetic groups (Alpavirinae, Aravirinae, Group D, Parabacteroides prophages, and Pequeñovirus) and a novel group. Comparative analyses between Ciona specimens with full and cleared guts, as well as the surrounding water, indicated that Ciona retains a distinct and highly diverse community of ssDNA phages. This study significantly expands the known diversity within the Microviridae family and demonstrates the promise of Ciona as a model system for investigating their role in animal health.

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“…A high-fat diet accompanied by alcohol consumption is strongly linked to breast cancer (Blackburn and Wang 2007 ; Boffetta et al 2006 ; Hills et al 2019 ). In addition to breast cancer, a clear relationship between microbiota and other cancer types was described in the literature where the microbiome is involved directly/indirectly, completely/partially in the induction of different cancer types affecting the digestive tract (Borges-Canha et al 2015 ; Dahiya and Renuka 2017 ; Fernández et al 2018 ; Lee et al 2018b ; Martin et al 2018 ; Sun and Kato 2016 ). For instance, gastric cancer may result from persistent bacterial (e.g., H. pylori ) adhesion to the gastric mucosa which maintains a persistent inflammatory process and leads to epigenetic and oncogenic changes in the gastric mucous membrane.…”

Section: Microbiome-induced Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiota and epigenetics: promising therapeutic approaches?

El-Sayed

Aleya

Kamel

2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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The direct/indirect responsibility of the gut microbiome in disease induction in and outside the digestive tract is well studied. These results are usually from the overpopulation of certain species on the cost of others, interaction with beneficial microflora, interference with normal epigenetic control mechanisms, or suppression of the immune system. Consequently, it is theoretically possible to cure such disorders by rebalancing the microbiome inside our bodies. This can be achieved by changing the lifestyle pattern and diet or by supplementation with beneficial bacteria or their metabolites. Various approaches have been explored to manipulate the normal microbial inhabitants, including nutraceutical, supplementations with prebiotics, probiotics, postbiotics, synbiotics, and antibiotics, or through microbiome transplantation (fecal, skin, or vaginal microbiome transplantation). In the present review, the interaction between the microbiome and epigenetics and their role in disease induction is discussed. Possible future therapeutic approaches via the reestablishment of equilibrium in our internal micro-ecosystem are also highlighted.

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The Gut Virome: A Neglected Actor in Colon Cancer Pathogenesis

Cited by 14 publications

References 23 publications

Microbiota’s role in health and diseases

Microbiota’s role in health and diseases

Unprecedented Diversity of ssDNA Phages from the Family Microviridae Detected within the Gut of a Protochordate Model Organism (Ciona robusta)

Microbiota and epigenetics: promising therapeutic approaches?

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