The harm argument against surrogacy revisited: two versions not to forget

Agnafors, Marcus

doi:10.1007/s11019-014-9557-x

Cited by 22 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Rather, it has been underlined that the removal of the child from the pregnant woman could be a significant source of severe psychophysical injuries for the child, because it is very important that the surrogate mother continues to maintain a relationship with the child during the period of growth and, moreover, during the periods immediately following childbirth 72 . However, this item is not conclusive as to the altruistic surrogacy, because the relationship which usually links the pregnant woman with the intended parents seems to be suitable to ensure affective continuity and, consequently, seems to be suitable to exclude potential injuries for the psychological health of the child resulting from the separation with the pregnant woman 73 .…”

Section: The Best Interest Of the Childmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surrogacy: Italian Controversial Issues

Grasso¹

2021

Gestação De Substituição: Perspetivas Internacionais

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I. Italian law no. 40\2004: the prohibition of surrogate motherhood. 1 In surrogate maternity a woman, who is outside the couple (donor or not of the oocyte), makes her uterus available to bring a pregnancy to term, agreeing to hand over the resulting child to the commissioning couple.Two types of surrogate maternity exist: traditional surrogacy, in which the fertilized ovule belongs to the pregnant woman, and gestational surrogacy, in which the surrogate mother, who carries the pregnancy to term, is implanted with an embryo, realized through in vitro fertilization, using samples coming from the requesting parents or from anonymous donors.Despite the fact that surrogate maternity is considered one of the techniques of artificial insemination, it sets unprecedented problems which could justify the forecast of the prohibition: the safeguard of the dignity of the pregnant woman and the condition of the child could justify the imposition of the absolute prohibition, although the violation of the right to health and to the self -determination of the sterile or completely infertile couple.

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Section: The Best Interest Of the Childmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surrogacy: Italian Controversial Issues

Grasso¹

2021

Gestação De Substituição: Perspetivas Internacionais

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“…Several scholars have objected to surrogate arrangements, arguing that women's bodies are exploited (Ventura, Rodr ıguez-Polo, & Roca-Cuberes, 2019;Wilkinson, 2003). They argue that surrogacy is harmful for the surrogates, due to the general risks of pregnancy and the potentially stressful experience of being separated from the infant after birth (Johansson Agnafors, 2014). Further, critics have argued that surrogacy commodifies (poor) women's bodies and the babies born as a result of the arrangements (Ventura et al, 2019).…”

Section: Surrogacy -A Debated Path To Parenthoodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constructions of surrogates, egg donors, and mothers: Swedish gay fathers’ narratives

Malmquist

Höjerström

2020

Feminism & Psychology

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The study explored in detail how Swedish gay fathers (through surrogacy) talked about the surrogate mother and the egg donor. Thirteen semi-structured interviews with 22 gay fathers were conducted and analysed using critical discursive analysis. The surrogates were primarily constructed as a close family member, but occasionally in terms of their instrumental function. They were often described as active and independent, but occasionally as vulnerable or exploited. The egg donors were in some interviews constructed as close family members, while others talked about them as distant acquaintances. Further, donors were constructed either as a significant individual (for the fathers), or as an instrumental provider of the oocyte. While some participants constructed the surrogate and/or donor as their child’s mother(s), others were more reluctant or ambivalent about the mother construct. In conclusion, the participants engaged in rhetorical work that shed a positive light on surrogacy, and their own decisions were depicted as solid, ethical and genuine. The participants’ positive framing can be understood as the production of a counter discourse, in relation to an ongoing debate in Sweden, in which surrogacy is constructed as exploitation, dehumanization and prostitution.

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“…One of the major concerns regarding surrogacy is welfare. Those who oppose it believe that it may damage the child or the surrogate -the "harm argument" (Agnafors, 2014). This argument puts forward the prejudicial consequences of surrogacy and the potential effects that the entire process, and in particular the handing over of the baby, may have on the surrogates, their family members, as well as on the babies themselves (Tieu, 2009).…”

Section: The Debate Around Surrogates: Human Vessels or Solidarity Womentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This made India the main destination for reproductive tourism (Panitch, 2013). In fact, it became the largest provider of surrogates in the last decade (Agnafors, 2014). According to estimates, more than 25,000 babies were born through surrogacy arrangements in India every year, at least half of them as the offspring of Westerners (Desai, 2012;Shetty, 2012).…”

Section: Outsourcing Pregnancy: the Case Of Indiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“Wealthy Gay Couples Buying Babies Produced in India by Poor Womb-Women: Audience Interpretations of Transnational Surrogacy in TV News

Ventura

Rodríguez-Polo

Roca-Cuberes

2018

Journal of Homosexuality

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Surrogacy is beginning to generate public debate, and the way the media approach it may have negative effects on social attitudes toward gay parenting. The news media play a key role in informing society, especially about topics such as surrogacy, of which most audiences have no direct experience. The aim of our research is to explore opinion formation of surrogacy and gay parenting by analyzing the audience interpretation of a TV news story in Spain. To do this we conducted four focus groups that were analyzed using a qualitative content analysis based on the discourse produced by the participants. The results show that the framing strategies used in the news story contribute to advocating an attitude of repudiation toward surrogacy, with an adverse sentiment also extending to homosexual couples who wish to become parents. This leads us to discuss the role of media in shaping public opinion and the resulting potential consequences in the case of surrogacy and gay parenting.

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The harm argument against surrogacy revisited: two versions not to forget

Cited by 22 publications

References 41 publications

Surrogacy: Italian Controversial Issues

Surrogacy: Italian Controversial Issues

Constructions of surrogates, egg donors, and mothers: Swedish gay fathers’ narratives

“Wealthy Gay Couples Buying Babies Produced in India by Poor Womb-Women: Audience Interpretations of Transnational Surrogacy in TV News

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