The harmful algae, Cochlodinium polykrikoides and Aureococcus anophagefferens, elicit stronger transcriptomic and mortality response in larval bivalves (Argopecten irradians) than climate change stressors

Griffith, Andrew W.; Harke, Matthew J.; DePasquale, Elizabeth; Berry, Dianna L.; Gobler, Christopher J.

doi:10.1002/ece3.5100

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…Briefly, the experiment started with four biologically independent replicates (replicated culture tanks), however, we have used only three of these replicates for transcriptomic analysis. This pooling of samples was done with purpose, i.e., to reduce biological variability between replicate samples obtained from multiple parents and to deduct the treatment effect without baseline variation (Dineshram et al, 2015(Dineshram et al, , 2016Griffith et al, 2019). RNA concentration and integrity were measured by NanoDrop (Thermo Fisher Scientific) and Agilent 2100 BioAnalyzer (Agilent Technologies), respectively.…”

Section: Rna Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocean Acidification Triggers Cell Signaling, Suppress Immune and Calcification in the Pacific Oyster Larvae

Dineshram

Xiao

et al. 2021

Front. Mar. Sci.

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Elevated carbon dioxide levels in ocean waters, an anthropogenic stressor, can alter the chemical equilibrium of seawater through a process called ocean acidification (OA). The resultant reduction of pH can be detrimental during the early developmental stages of the commercially important edible Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas; the ability of larvae to join a population is likely to be compromised by declining ocean pH. Given this threat, it is important to study the molecular mechanisms that these organisms use to overcome OA stress at the gene expression level. Here, we performed transcriptome profiling in oyster larvae following exposure to ambient (8.1) and reduced (7.4) pH during the pre-settlement growth period (i.e., 18 d post fertilization) using RNA-seq with Illumina sequencing technology. In total, 1,808 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, 1,410 of which were matched by BLAST against the Swiss-Prot database. Gene ontology classification showed that most of these DEGs were related to ribosomal, calcium ion binding, cell adhesion and apoptotic processes. Pathway enrichment analysis revealed that low pH (7.4) enhanced energy production and organelle biogenesis but prominently suppressed several immune response pathways. Moreover, activation of the MAPK signaling pathway was observed along with inhibition of the Wnt, VEGF, and ErbB pathways, highlighting the fact that the initiation of stress responses is given priority over larval development or shell growth when the larvae cope with low pH. In conclusion, our study demonstrated a unique gene expression profiling approach in studying oyster larval responses to OA, which not only provides comprehensive insights into the mechanisms underlying oyster tolerance to CO2-driven decreases in ocean pH but also supplies a valuable genomic resource for further studies in this species.

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Section: Rna Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocean Acidification Triggers Cell Signaling, Suppress Immune and Calcification in the Pacific Oyster Larvae

Dineshram

Xiao

et al. 2021

Front. Mar. Sci.

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“…The effect of climate change on larval development was studied using a transcriptomic approach [ 44 , 45 , 46 ]. The experiment showed that ocean acidification suppressed the immune response pathways of pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas larvae [ 93 ].…”

Section: Transcriptomicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Omics” Techniques Used in Marine Biofouling Studies

Dobretsov

Rittschof

2023

IJMS

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Biofouling is the growth of organisms on wet surfaces. Biofouling includes micro- (bacteria and unicellular algae) and macrofouling (mussels, barnacles, tube worms, bryozoans, etc.) and is a major problem for industries. However, the settlement and growth of some biofouling species, like oysters and corals, can be desirable. Thus, it is important to understand the process of biofouling in detail. Modern “omic” techniques, such as metabolomics, metagenomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics, provide unique opportunities to study biofouling organisms and communities and investigate their metabolites and environmental interactions. In this review, we analyze the recent publications that employ metagenomic, metabolomic, and proteomic techniques for the investigation of biofouling and biofouling organisms. Specific emphasis is given to metagenomics, proteomics and publications using combinations of different “omics” techniques. Finally, this review presents the future outlook for the use of “omics” techniques in marine biofouling studies. Like all trans-disciplinary research, environmental “omics” is in its infancy and will advance rapidly as researchers develop the necessary expertise, theory, and technology.

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“…HABs, including M. polykrikoides, have led to the collapse of some bivalve fisheries (Bricelj and Kuenstner, 1989) and can affect bivalves in different ways depending on the bivalve species and life stage (Gobler et al, 2008;Tang and Gobler, 2009b;Griffith et al, 2019b;Griffith et al, 2019c). Some adult bivalves can experience mortality or possible gonadal depression when exposed to HABs (Bricelj et al, 2005) and accumulate high levels of toxins (Zingone and Enevoldsen, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some adult bivalves can experience mortality or possible gonadal depression when exposed to HABs (Bricelj et al, 2005) and accumulate high levels of toxins (Zingone and Enevoldsen, 2000). Compared to their adult counterparts, larval and juvenile bivalves are typically more susceptible to HABs (Gobler et al, 2008;Tang and Gobler, 2009b;Li et al, 2012;Griffith et al, 2019b). M. polykrikoides in particular can be highly toxic and lethal to early life stage bivalves and have been shown to cause mortality in larval and juvenile Crassostrea virginica (eastern oyster) and Argopecten irradians (bay scallop) (Gobler et al, 2008;Tang and Gobler, 2009b;Li et al, 2012;Griffith et al, 2019b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Compared to their adult counterparts, larval and juvenile bivalves are typically more susceptible to HABs (Gobler et al, 2008;Tang and Gobler, 2009b;Li et al, 2012;Griffith et al, 2019b). M. polykrikoides in particular can be highly toxic and lethal to early life stage bivalves and have been shown to cause mortality in larval and juvenile Crassostrea virginica (eastern oyster) and Argopecten irradians (bay scallop) (Gobler et al, 2008;Tang and Gobler, 2009b;Li et al, 2012;Griffith et al, 2019b). This HAB can cause gill tissue hyperplasia along with hemorrhaging that has led to mortality in juvenile bivalves (Gobler et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of the harmful alga Margalefidinium (aka Cochlodinium) polykrikoides on clearance rates of the hard clam, Mercenaria mercenaria

de Silva,

Gobler

2023

Front. Mar. Sci.

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Harmful algal blooms (HABs) such as those formed by the ichthyotoxic dinoflagellate, Margalefidinium (aka Cochlodinium) polykrikoides can have adverse effects on bivalves. While M. polykrikoides has caused significant die offs of bivalves and other marine organisms, the Northern quahog or hard clam, Mercenaria mercenaria, is comparatively more resistant to this HAB. This study quantified clearance rates of juvenile hard clams (10-20 mm) exposed to three different North American populations of M. polykrikoides (bloom, strain CP1, strain CPSB-1G) as well as the nonharmful cryptophyte, Rhodomonas salina and the nonharmful dinoflagellate, Gymnodinium aureolum, in single and mixed algal exposures. Multiple biovolume exposures with M. polykrikoides bloom water and R. salina (1,000, 1,500, 3,000 cells mL-1M. polykrikoides biovolume equivalent) were completed to assess the effects of increasing biomass on hard clam clearance rates and selection. Hard clams opened and actively cleared algal mixtures at and below 1,000 M. polykrikoides cells mL-1. During single species exposures, strain CPSB-1G and R. salina were cleared significantly faster than wild M. polykrikoides populations and strain CP1. During mixed exposures, R. salina was cleared significantly faster than CPSB-1G but not other M. polykrikoides populations and there was no difference between hard clam clearance rates of G. aureolum and R. salina. Clearance rates of M. polykrikoides at ≥1,500 cells mL-1M. polykrikoides/R. salina mixtures were not significantly different than zero unlike clearance of those at <1,000 cells mL-1 indicating a density dependent effect of blooms. Collectively, the results demonstrate that hard clams can actively clear M. polykrikoides cells at moderate (≤1,000 cells mL-1) but not elevated (> 1,000 cells mL-1) bloom densities. Given this, and the documented survival of hard clams during blooms, M. mercenaria may be candidate for aquaculture and restoration in regions prone to HABs caused by M. polykrikoides.

show abstract

The harmful algae, Cochlodinium polykrikoides and Aureococcus anophagefferens, elicit stronger transcriptomic and mortality response in larval bivalves (Argopecten irradians) than climate change stressors

Cited by 8 publications

References 101 publications

Ocean Acidification Triggers Cell Signaling, Suppress Immune and Calcification in the Pacific Oyster Larvae

Ocean Acidification Triggers Cell Signaling, Suppress Immune and Calcification in the Pacific Oyster Larvae

“Omics” Techniques Used in Marine Biofouling Studies

Effects of the harmful alga Margalefidinium (aka Cochlodinium) polykrikoides on clearance rates of the hard clam, Mercenaria mercenaria

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