The HartX period May 1992, seen against the background of twenty years of energy balance climatology at the Hartheim pine plantation

Jaeger, L.; Kessler, Albrecht

doi:10.1007/bf00866407

Cited by 27 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Estimates of stand transpiration in other similar Scots pine stands from central and northern Europe are certainly lower than the values found in this study. Growing season values range from less than 100 mm (Lüttschwager et al, 1999) to an upper limit around 300 mm (Jaeger and Kessler, 1996), the latter figure obtained as a long-term average. Modelling approaches yield values of yearly transpiration of about 230 mm in a Belgian stand (Meiresonne et al, 2003) or intervals for southern Europe forests between 200 and 450 mm year −1 (Berninger, 1997 Table 4).…”

Section: Differences In Stand-level Transpiration Between Pinementioning

confidence: 91%

Transpiration of montane Pinus sylvestris L. and Quercus pubescens Willd. forest stands measured with sap flow sensors in NE Spain

Poyatos

Llorens

Gallart

2005

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Stand transpiration was measured during the 2003 and 2004 growing seasons using heat dissipation sap flow sensors in a Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and a pubescent oak (Quercus pubescens Willd.) forests located in a montane area of the Eastern Pyrenees (NE Spain). The first aim of the study was to assess the differences in quantitative estimates of transpiration (E c ) and the response to evaporative demand of the two stands. Over the studied period of 2003, characterised by a severe drought episode during the summer, the oak stand E c was only 110 mm compared to the 239 mm transpired by the Scots pine stand, although the ratio of transpiration to reference evapotranspiration (E c /ET 0 ) in the oak stand compares well with the expected values predicted for low leaf area index (LAI) oak forests in southern Europe. Scots pine showed a strong reduction in E c /ET 0 as the drought developed, whereas pubescent oak was less affected by soil moisture deficits in the upper soil. As a second objective, and given the contrasting meteorological con-

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Section: Differences In Stand-level Transpiration Between Pinementioning

confidence: 91%

Transpiration of montane Pinus sylvestris L. and Quercus pubescens Willd. forest stands measured with sap flow sensors in NE Spain

Poyatos

Llorens

Gallart

2005

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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“…The interception of precipitation was considered at the grassland sites as a function of the precipitation, LAI and an empirical constant (set to 0.55 mm, which results in a maximum of 1.1 mm interception for a LAI of 2). In the Scots pine forest in Hartheim, the annual average throughfall was set to be about two-thirds of the precipitation at a constant LAI of 2.8, both as reported by Jaeger and Kessler (1996). The snow module developed by Jarvis (1994) was included, where precipitation falls as snow for air temperatures < −2 • C and as rain for temperatures > +2 • C. Between −2 and +2 • C the percentage of snow in precipitation decreases linearly.…”

Section: Water Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating flow and transport parameters in the unsaturated zone with pore water stable isotopes

Sprenger

Volkmann

Blume

et al. 2015

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

123

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Abstract. Determining the soil hydraulic properties is a prerequisite to physically model transient water flow and solute transport in the vadose zone. Estimating these properties by inverse modelling techniques has become more common within the last 2 decades. While these inverse approaches usually fit simulations to hydrometric data, we expanded the methodology by using independent information about the stable isotope composition of the soil pore water depth profile as a single or additional optimization target. To demonstrate the potential and limits of this approach, we compared the results of three inverse modelling strategies where the fitting targets were (a) pore water isotope concentrations, (b) a combination of pore water isotope concentrations and soil moisture time series, and (c) a two-step approach using first soil moisture data to determine water flow parameters and then the pore water stable isotope concentrations to estimate the solute transport parameters. The analyses were conducted at three study sites with different soil properties and vegetation. The transient unsaturated water flow was simulated by solving the Richards equation numerically with the finiteelement code of HYDRUS-1D. The transport of deuterium was simulated with the advection-dispersion equation, and a modified version of HYDRUS was used, allowing deuterium loss during evaporation. The Mualem-van Genuchten and the longitudinal dispersivity parameters were determined for two major soil horizons at each site. The results show that approach (a), using only the pore water isotope content, cannot substitute hydrometric information to derive parameter sets that reflect the observed soil moisture dynamics but gives comparable results when the parameter space is constrained by pedotransfer functions. Approaches (b) and (c), using both the isotope profiles and the soil moisture time series, resulted in good simulation results with regard to the Kling-Gupta efficiency and good parameter identifiability. However, approach (b) has the advantage that it considers the isotope data not only for the solute transport parameters but also for water flow and root water uptake, and thus increases parameter realism. Approaches (b) and (c) both outcompeted simulations run with parameters derived from pedotransfer functions, which did not result in an acceptable representation of the soil moisture dynamics and pore water stable isotope composition. Overall, parameters based on this new approach that includes isotope data lead to similar model performances regarding the water balance and soil moisture dynamics and better parameter identifiability than the conventional inverse model approaches limited to hydrometric fitting targets. If only data from isotope profiles in combination with textural information is available, the results are still satisfactory. This method has the additional advantage that it will not only allow us to estimate water balance and response times but also site-specific time variant transit times or solute breakthrough within t...

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“…In 1992 further biometrical stand parameters in the close surroundings of the towers were determined (Jaeger and Kessler, 1996) Kessler et al, 1988) Fig. 4 shows the development of the towers which have been used during our investigations.…”

Section: Aamentioning

confidence: 99%

Twenty years of heat and water balance climatology at the Hartheim pine forest, Germany

Jaeger

Kessler

1997

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology

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The Hartheim pine forest is an ecosystem in the dry region of the southern upper Rhine valley in Germany. A project "Monitoring the Hartheim pine forest" was initiated in 1973 and is continuing. One of its objectives is to provide long-term measurements of the net radiation and its components, to calculate the energy fluxes and other hydrological parameters.Sufficient studies on the climatology of the 'primitive' elements of climate exist in central Europe. But long-term series of measurements of the physical processes controlling these elements above different characteristic surface types are missing. The study of heat balance monographies (e.g. Budyko, 1974;Miller, 1981;Kessler, 1985;Hantel, 1989;Baumgartner, 1990) illustrates this deficit drastically. An aspect of our investigations is to study the long-term behaviour of the above-mentioned complex physical variables in relation to weather and climate. Furthermore, we examine whether it is possible to distinguish between the changes, for example, of the ratio of net radiation to global radiation caused by the dynamics of climate and the changes caused by alterations of the ecosystem. Natural and human influences on the pine stand at Hartheim led to an 8-m growth in height during the monitoring period.We present some examples showing that the dynamics of the weather hide other effects within the frame of 20 years of measurements. On the other hand, evident changes in interception and transpiration are due to a changing forest ecosystem.

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The HartX period May 1992, seen against the background of twenty years of energy balance climatology at the Hartheim pine plantation

Cited by 27 publications

References 10 publications

Transpiration of montane Pinus sylvestris L. and Quercus pubescens Willd. forest stands measured with sap flow sensors in NE Spain

Transpiration of montane Pinus sylvestris L. and Quercus pubescens Willd. forest stands measured with sap flow sensors in NE Spain

Estimating flow and transport parameters in the unsaturated zone with pore water stable isotopes

Twenty years of heat and water balance climatology at the Hartheim pine forest, Germany

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