The $\hbox{Pd/TiO}_{2}$/ $\hbox{n}$-LTPS Thin-Film Schottky Diode on Glass Substrate for Hydrogen Sensing Applications

Chou, Tse-Heng; Fang, Yean–Kuen; Chiang, Yen-Ting; Lin, K.J.; Lin, Chih-Lung; Kao, C. H.; Lin, Hsiao‐Yi

doi:10.1109/led.2008.2005534

Cited by 16 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 32 publications

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“…Many hydrogen sensors have already been developed, based on different structures and response mechanisms. [1][2][3] Sensors based on field-effect transistors [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] and Schottky diodes [13][14][15][16][17] make use of work function changes in catalytic metals such as Pt and Pd, and are operable at room temperature. A semiconducting SnO 2 sensor has also been developed, [18][19][20] and is based on a resistance change caused by the charge carrier exchange between the adsorbed gas and the oxide surface at temperatures greater than 300°C.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrathin-film hydrogen gas sensor with nanostructurally modified surface

Tsukada¹,

Takeichi

Sakai³

et al. 2014

Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.

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The change in electrical resistance of Pt thin films on glass substrates upon exposure to hydrogen gas at room temperature was studied. The effect was detectible only for film thicknesses of less than 40 nm, and increased with decreasing thickness. Samples were also produced with a Ti film inserted between the Pt film and the glass substrate as an adhesive layer. Although the Ti film did not react with the hydrogen gas, its presence reduced the resistance change effect because it acted as a parallel resistance. To overcome this problem, the surface of the glass substrate was nanostructurally modified using porous SiO 2 , which led to a larger resistance change ratio. To improve the recovery time, heating by pulsed current injection was carried out. A structure consisting of Pt (5 nm)/Ti (3 nm)/porous SiO 2 /glass was found to show a clear response to hydrogen concentrations down to about 100 ppm at room temperature.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrathin-film hydrogen gas sensor with nanostructurally modified surface

Tsukada¹,

Takeichi

Sakai³

et al. 2014

Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.

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Work Function‐Based Metal–Oxide–Semiconductor Hydrogen Sensor and Its Functionality: A Review

Sahoo

Kale

2021

Adv Materials Inter

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Solar PV and wind energy conversion systems convert input energy directly to electricity, are techno-economically viable, and have already achieved grid parity. [3,4] Though renewables fulfill most modern energysource criteria, they still possess low energy density, are challenging to transport, less efficient, costly, and are intrinsically intermittent, thus requiring a storage media.Hydrogen, a less popular renewable, can be used as a fuel as apart from being abundant gas, possesses high energy density, [5] exhibits better combustion characteristics, [5] owes a nonpolluting nature, [6] and has several other favorable properties, listed in Table 1. Hydrogen is a promising alternative energy source [6,7] that overcomes most of the challenges faced by classical renewables.Figure 2 describes hydrogen energy transformation from primary energy sources to the end-users in an integrated way. The hydrogen production, storage, transportation and delivery, application, awareness and capacity building, safety codes and standards are all interrelated to form the hydrogen energy system. The two prime methods of producing hydrogen are i) from the conventional process, and ii) using renewable energy sources (such as biomass, solar, wind, and hydro). Hydrogen possesses significantly higher gravimetric energy density than other storage techniques (such as batteries, pumped hydropower, supercapacitors, Flywheels, pressurized air). The use of abundant renewable energy when available, hydrogen production, and storage is an optimal choice. Hydrogen can be stored as pressurized gas or as a cryogenic liquid or solid fuel. [27] Storage of hydrogen as a gas typically requires high-pressure tanks (350-700 bar tank pressure). Due to the low boiling point (−252.8 °C at atmospheric pressure), liquid hydrogen storage requires cryogenic temperature.The conventional conversion of fossil fuel feedstock to hydrogen includes steam-methane reforming, thermal cracking of natural gas, thermal decomposition (partial oxidation) of heavy oil, catalytic decomposition of natural gas, coal gasification, and steam-iron coal gasification. [20][21][22][23][24][25] When released into the atmosphere, the conventional methods generate CO 2 as a by-product, assisting global warming. The generation of renewable hydrogen makes it more economical and environmentally benign. Electrolysis uses electrical power supplied from renewables to produce hydrogen and oxygen. Biomass routes Hydrogen, a nonpolluting gas, is emerging as an ideal, suitable, and economical energy carrier. The current global non-carbon hydrogen production is 105.8 MW in 2020 and is expected to reach 218 MW in 2021. Hydrogen possesses low ignition energy of 0.017 mJ and reacts exothermically with air, posing severe safety challenges. Humanly undetectable gas needs accurate and sensitive sensors to prevent accidents. Amongst different hydrogen sensors currently developed, work function-based sensors are sensitive, selective, costeffective, smaller in size, less susceptible to environmental change, an...

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