2020
DOI: 10.3390/ani10040625
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The Healthy and Diseased Equine Endometrium: A Review of Morphological Features and Molecular Analyses

Abstract: Mares are seasonally polyestric. The breeding season in spring and summer and the winter anestrus are flanked by transitional periods. Endometrial diseases are a frequent cause of subfertility and have an economic impact on the horse breeding industry. They include different forms of endometrosis, endometritis, glandular maldifferentiation, and angiosis. Except for suppurative endometritis, these are subclinical and can only be diagnosed by the microscopic examination of an endometrial biopsy. Endometrosis is … Show more

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Cited by 37 publications
(78 citation statements)
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“…As its occurrence is widespread, endometrosis is an important cause of financial losses in the equine breeding industry. Main paramount features of this disease encompass periglandular fibrosis of the endometrium and degenerative changes of endometrial glands associated with dysfunction of affected glandular epithelial cells [ 1 , 2 ]. Since adequate endometrial gland response is crucial in the nutrition of the embryo, as the severity of endometrosis increases, the risk of embryonic death increases [ 1 , 3 ].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…As its occurrence is widespread, endometrosis is an important cause of financial losses in the equine breeding industry. Main paramount features of this disease encompass periglandular fibrosis of the endometrium and degenerative changes of endometrial glands associated with dysfunction of affected glandular epithelial cells [ 1 , 2 ]. Since adequate endometrial gland response is crucial in the nutrition of the embryo, as the severity of endometrosis increases, the risk of embryonic death increases [ 1 , 3 ].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This classification allocates uterine biopsy samples into categories I, IIA, IIB, and III [ 3 ]. However, more recent studies have assessed the damage of glandular epithelial cells and the metabolic activity of periglandular stromal cells as the basis for the development of an additional endometrosis classification system into four histopathological types [ 1 , 2 , 4 ]. This classification divides uterine biopsy samples using the terms destructive or nondestructive endometrosis for the description of the damaging glands, and active or inactive endometrosis for the characterization of the metabolic activity of the stroma.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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