The Heartworm Dirofilaria Immitis in Victoria.

Gee, R. W.; Auty, J. H.

doi:10.1111/j.1751-0813.1957.tb08328.x

Cited by 1 publication

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“…Furthermore the area of endemicity is expanding south with D. immitis infections occurring in New South Wales and Victoria (Gee and Auty 1957;Rees et al 1966;Whitlock 1969;Watson et al 1973). Furthermore the area of endemicity is expanding south with D. immitis infections occurring in New South Wales and Victoria (Gee and Auty 1957;Rees et al 1966;Whitlock 1969;Watson et al 1973).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Australia, D. immitis infections are widespread, as shown by surveys made in far north Queensland (Welch and Dobson 1974a), Townsville (Aubrey and Copeman 1972), Brisbane (Carlisle 1969), Sydney (Watson et a1 1973), the Murrumbidgee Irrigation Area (Rees et a1 1966) and Shepparton (Gee and Auty 1957). The foci of infection in dogs in southern parts of Australia appear to be limited to those areas where the climate is suitable for the development of the mosquito vectors in the genera Aedes, Culex and Anopheles (Travis 1947;Kartman 1953).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distribution and Diagnosis of Dirofilariasis and Toxocariasis in Australia

Welch

Dobson

Freeman

1979

Australian Veterinary Journal

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The prevalence of Dirofilaria immitis infection in dogs continues to increase in the temperate east coast zone of Australia (and is extending further south into New South Wales and Victoria). However, the infection rate has not changed in the tropics over the past 10 years where it would appear that a maximum infection rate of 90% occurs in a given Australian dog population. Twelve percent of Brisbane dogs had occult dirofilariasis and it is suggested that the proportion of occult infections was probably higher in the tropics. Dogs of all breeds appear equally susceptible to D. immitis with infection being more common in older male dogs. The level of microfilaraemia was, occasionally, proportional to the number of heartwprms per dog. Toxocara canis was present in about 75% of dogs from all areas studied except in Central Australia where the level of infection was much lower. Immunodiagnosis of D. immitis and T. canis with high specificity and sensitivity was achieved by cyanogen bromide indirect fluorescent antibody and cell-mediated immunity tests using parasite antigens purified by affinity chromatography. These tests enabled occult dirofilariasis to be differentiated from unrelated canine cardiac and pulmonary failure. Such immunodiagnosis can aid in the early diagnosis of dirofilariasis particularly in situations where no circulating microfilariae can be detected. The prevalence of serum antibody in man to purified Dirofilaria and Toxocara antigens was proportional to the incidence of respective canine infections at each location.

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