The heat capacity of low-temperature phase change materials (PCM) applied in thermal energy storage systems

Rolka, Paulina; Przybyliński, T.; Kwidziński, R.; Lackowski, M.

doi:10.1016/j.renene.2021.03.038

Cited by 55 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…In this study three commercial PCMs, RT15, RT18 HC, and RT22 HC, were investigated. These PCMs can be used to support heating or cooling systems in buildings and have low phase transition temperatures that fall within the range of 10 °C to 23 °C [ 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ]. PCM samples of volume amounting to 10 mL were applied to glass tubes with a diameter of 16 mm and a length of 160 mm (except tube No.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compatibility Tests between Three Commercially Available Organic PCMs and Metals Typically Used in Fin-and-Tube Heat Exchangers

2021

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Energy storage is one of the most effective ways to increase energy savings and efficiency of heating and air conditioning systems. Phase change materials (PCMs) are increasingly used in latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) systems to increase their capacity. In such systems, costs are a very important factor of viability so the typical heat transfer elements like fin-and-tube heat exchangers are used to construct the LHTES. The problem of this approach is a possibility of corrosion of metals in contact with PCM that shortens the life cycle of LHTES. Therefore, the main objective of this work is an experimental study of the compatibility of metals typically used in fin-and-tube heat exchangers (copper and aluminum) with three commercially available organic PCMs (RT15, RT18HC, and RT22HC). Compatibility of PCMs with copper and aluminum was tested for a period of approximately two months, during which a total of 35 heating and cooling cycles were carried out, each with a complete phase transition of the tested materials. In the course of the tests it was assessed whether the PCM caused corrosion of the tested metals. The evaluation was based on the gravimetric method, calculation of corrosion rate, and visual observations and measurements of the features on the metal sample’s surface using optical microscope. It was determined that RT15, RT18 HC, and RT22 HC show low corrosion rates for aluminum and copper samples. The visual tests indicate that there was no change in the PCM solutions during the tests, only a sediment was observed for the samples with the combination of copper and aluminum. Microscopic examination of the surface of the samples did not show any significant surface changes, except for the aluminum samples, on the surface of which local microdefects were observed. It follows from the present results that copper and aluminum can be used to design the heat transfer surface in contact with the chosen PCMs.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compatibility Tests between Three Commercially Available Organic PCMs and Metals Typically Used in Fin-and-Tube Heat Exchangers

2021

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“…-In solar storage tanks to prolong the time of heat for later use in solar heating [38][39][40][41][42][43], solar domestic hot water [44], solar cooling and air-conditioning systems [45][46][47][48][49][50]. -To store solar heat to be used after sunset to extend water productivity in solar distillers [51][52][53][54][55] and enhance solar drying and other solar systems [56][57][58][59].…”

Section: Uses and Applications Of Paraffinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paraffin As a Phase Change Material to Improve Building Performance: An Overview of Applications and Thermal Conductivity Enhancement Techniques

Al-Yasiri

Szabó

2021

Renew. Energy Environ. Sustain.

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In recent years, phase change materials (PCMs) have increasingly received attention in different thermal energy storage and management fields. In the building sector, paraffin as a phase change material (PPCM) has been introduced as an efficient PCM incorporated in a building envelope, which showed remarkable results. However, the poor thermal conductivity of PPCM is still the topmost drawback in experimental and numerical investigations. In this paper, a general assessment of paraffins, their common uses and applications, have been presented with a particular focus on their potential in building envelope applications. Moreover, the general and desired properties of PPCM are highlighted and evaluated. The primary practical limitation of PPCM of poor thermal conductivity and their effect on PPCM performance is presented and discussed. Correspondingly, the popular techniques applied to improve the poor thermal conductivity are presented and discussed in four categories: the dispersion of nanoparticles, expanded graphite, metallic foam, and extended surfaces technique (fins). All in all, the analysed research works indicated that PPCM based building envelope applications could remarkably improve the thermal performance of buildings in terms of thermal load reduction, energy-saving and thermal comfort. Furthermore, the adoption of enhancement techniques is essential to improve the thermal performance of PPCM in building applications for better utilisation. This review provides a clear vision for the newcomers and interested parties about the main application aspects of PPCM in the building sector for further investigations towards technology commercialisation.

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“…The appropriate use of PCMs and the design of LHTES in practical applications requires an in-depth knowledge of the thermal properties of PCMs. Basic thermal characteristics of PCMs are determined using thermal analysis techniques, of which differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and the T-history method are the most widely used [ 17 , 18 , 19 ]. The DSC method allows one to determine the latent heat value, the melting/solidification temperature and the specific heat of the materials tested.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The DSC method allows one to determine the latent heat value, the melting/solidification temperature and the specific heat of the materials tested. Using the data measured by the DSC method, it is also possible to represent the enthalpy change versus temperature and determine the amount of stored/released energy in a given temperature interval [ 18 ]. However, the DSC method has some limitations like the small amount of sample to be tested (1–10 mg [ 20 ], 2–50 mg [ 21 ], less than 90 mg [ 17 ]), the effect of sample mass on the thermal response [ 2 , 17 , 18 ] and dependence of the results on the heating rate used [ 2 , 17 , 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using the data measured by the DSC method, it is also possible to represent the enthalpy change versus temperature and determine the amount of stored/released energy in a given temperature interval [ 18 ]. However, the DSC method has some limitations like the small amount of sample to be tested (1–10 mg [ 20 ], 2–50 mg [ 21 ], less than 90 mg [ 17 ]), the effect of sample mass on the thermal response [ 2 , 17 , 18 ] and dependence of the results on the heating rate used [ 2 , 17 , 18 ]. Furthermore, repeatability may not be achievable for heterogeneous samples and in the case of composite materials (including composite PCMs), the main component may interfere with the PCM’s DSC signal [ 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermal Characterization of Medium-Temperature Phase Change Materials (PCMs) for Thermal Energy Storage Using the T-History Method

Rolka¹,

Kwidziński²,

Przybyliński³

et al. 2021

Materials

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To reduce energy consumption and increase energy efficiency in the building sector, thermal energy storage with phase change materials (PCMs) is used. The knowledge of the thermophysical properties and the characteristics of PCMs (like their enthalpy changes and the distribution of stored energy over a specified temperature range) is essential for proper selection of the PCM and optimal design of the latent thermal energy store (LHTES). This paper presents experimental tests of the thermophysical properties of three medium-temperature PCMs: OM65, OM55, RT55, which can be used in domestic hot water installations and heating systems. Self-made test chambers with temperature control using Peltier cells were used to perform measurements according to the T-history method. In this way the temperature range of the phase transition, latent heat, specific heat capacity, enthalpy and the distributions of stored energy of the three PCMs were determined. The paper also presents measurements of the thermal conductivity of these PCMs in liquid and solid state using a self-made pipe Poensgen apparatus. The presented experimental tests results are in good agreement with the manufacturers’ data and the results of other researchers obtained with the use of specialized instruments. The presented research results are intended to help designers in the selection of the right PCM for the future LHTES co-working with renewable energy systems, waste heat recovery systems and building heating systems.

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The heat capacity of low-temperature phase change materials (PCM) applied in thermal energy storage systems

Cited by 55 publications

References 39 publications

Compatibility Tests between Three Commercially Available Organic PCMs and Metals Typically Used in Fin-and-Tube Heat Exchangers

Compatibility Tests between Three Commercially Available Organic PCMs and Metals Typically Used in Fin-and-Tube Heat Exchangers

Paraffin As a Phase Change Material to Improve Building Performance: An Overview of Applications and Thermal Conductivity Enhancement Techniques

Thermal Characterization of Medium-Temperature Phase Change Materials (PCMs) for Thermal Energy Storage Using the T-History Method

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