The Heat Flow from the Continents

Pollack, Henry N.

doi:10.1146/annurev.ea.10.050182.002331

Cited by 56 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 57 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“… a 1, Arndt et al [1997]; 2, Èermák and Rybach [1982]; 3, Haenel et al [1988]; 4, Hamza et al [2005]; 5, Henry and Pollack [1988]; 6, Ehlers [2005]; 7, Kappelmeyer and Haenel [1974]; 8, Mel'nikova et al [1975]; 9, Moiseenko et al [1970]; 10, Schön [1996]; 11, Dortman [1976]; 12, Vorsteen and Schellschmidt [2003]; 13, Pollack [1982]; 14, Springer [1999]; 15, Yamano and Uyeda [1990]; 16, Springer and Förster [1998]; 17, Henry [1981]; 18, Uyeda et al [1980]; 19, Klein et al [1999]. …”

Section: Thermal Model Of Thermochronometer Cooling Agesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying canyon incision and Andean Plateau surface uplift, southwest Peru: A thermochronometer and numerical modeling approach

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

[1] Apatite and zircon (U-Th)/He ages from Ocoña canyon at the western margin of the Central Andean plateau record rock cooling histories induced by a major phase of canyon incision. We quantify the timing and magnitude of incision by integrating previously published ages from the valley bottom with 19 new sample ages from four valley wall transects. Interpretation of the incision history from cooling ages is complicated by a southwest to northeast increase in temperatures at the base of the crust due to subduction and volcanism. Furthermore, the large magnitude of incision leads to additional threedimensional variations in the thermal field. We address these complications with finite element thermal and thermochronometer age prediction models to quantify the range of topographic evolution scenarios consistent with observed cooling ages. Comparison of 275 model simulations to observed cooling ages and regional heat flow determinations identify a best fit history with 0.2 km of incision in the forearc region prior to $14 Ma and up to 3.0 km of incision starting between 7 and 11 Ma. Incision starting at 7 Ma requires incision to end by $5.5 to 6 Ma. However, a 2.2 Ma age on a volcanic flow on the current valley floor and 5 Ma gravels on the uplifted piedmont surface together suggest that incision ended during the time span between 2.2 and 5 Ma. These additional constraints for incision end time lead to a range of best fit incision onset times between 8 and 11 Ma, which must coincide with or postdate surface uplift.

show abstract

Section: Thermal Model Of Thermochronometer Cooling Agesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying canyon incision and Andean Plateau surface uplift, southwest Peru: A thermochronometer and numerical modeling approach

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…On average, about 25 mW m 22 of the total continental heat flux arises through radiogenic heat production within the crust (e.g. Pollack 1982). This is about one-quarter to one-third of the average heat flux above most continental and transitional arcs.…”

Section: Correlation With Surface Heat Fluxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Some first-order observations on magma transfer from mantle wedge to upper crust at volcanic arcs

Zellmer

2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The viscosity of lavas erupted at volcanic arcs varies over orders of magnitude. A comparison of the relative abundance of viscous lava dome eruptions indicates that the average viscosity of arc lavas also varies considerably between arcs. It is shown that, for continental or transitional arcs with little within-arc crustal deformation and without underlying slab windows or tears, average lava viscosity is anticorrelated with average surface heat flux. The latter may be influenced by crustal thickness and crustal magma throughput. To constrain the relative contributions of these parameters, variations of average lava viscosity with average crustal thickness and plate convergence rate are assessed. While crustal thickness appears to have little effect on average lava viscosity, a good anticorrelation exists between average lava viscosity and plate convergence rate, with the exception of two arcs that show significant intra-arc crustal deformation. If plate convergence rate is a good proxy of the rate of melt generation within the mantle wedge, these first-order observations indicate that, where the rate of mantle melting is high, crustal magma throughput is rapid and efficient, resulting in low-viscosity melts migrating through a hot overriding crust; in contrast, where the rate of mantle melting is low, crustal magma transfer is slow and inefficient, resulting in high-viscosity melts that may frequently stall within a cool overriding crust prior to eruption. Uranium series geochemical evidence from dome lavas is presented and lends support to this interpretation. Finally, some explanations are offered for the observed average viscosity variations of arcs with underlying slab windows or tears and/or significant intra-arc crustal deformation.Volcanic activity above subduction zones is characterized by a variety of eruption styles: in the explosive regime, these include plinian eruptions (e.g. Santorini c.

show abstract

“…However, Pollack (1982) states that heat flux is dependent on the continental age and location. Näslund and others (2005) have calculated the average geothermal heat flux to be 49 mW m −2 for the Fennoscandian ice sheet, with regional variations ranging from 30 to 83 mW m −2 .…”

Section: Geothermal Heat Fluxmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of parametric uncertainty and topographic error in ice-sheet modelling

Hebeler¹,

Purves²,

Jamieson

2008

J. Glaciol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Additional information:Use policyThe full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. ABSTRACT. Ice-sheet models (ISMs) developed to simulate the behaviour of continental-scale ice sheets under past, present or future climate scenarios are subject to a number of uncertainties from various sources. These sources include the conceptualization of the ISM and the degree of abstraction and parameterizations of processes such as ice dynamics and mass balance. The assumption of spatially or temporally constant parameters (such as degree-day factor, atmospheric lapse rate or geothermal heat flux) is one example. Additionally, uncertainties in ISM input data such as topography or precipitation propagate to the model results. In order to assess and compare the impact of uncertainties from model parameters and climate on the GLIMMER ice-sheet model, a parametric uncertainty analysis (PUA) was conducted. Parameter variation was deduced from a suite of sensitivity tests, and accuracy information was deduced from input data and the literature. Recorded variation of modelled ice extent across the PUA runs was 65% for equilibrium ice sheets. Additionally, the susceptibility of ISM results to modelled uncertainty in input topography was assessed. Resulting variations in modelled ice extent in the range of 0.8-6.6% are comparable to that of ISM parameters such as flow enhancement, basal traction and geothermal heat flux.

show abstract

The Heat Flow from the Continents

Cited by 56 publications

References 57 publications

Quantifying canyon incision and Andean Plateau surface uplift, southwest Peru: A thermochronometer and numerical modeling approach

Quantifying canyon incision and Andean Plateau surface uplift, southwest Peru: A thermochronometer and numerical modeling approach

Some first-order observations on magma transfer from mantle wedge to upper crust at volcanic arcs

The impact of parametric uncertainty and topographic error in ice-sheet modelling

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About