The heating of the high lattitude ionosphere by high power radio waves

Robinson, T. R.

doi:10.1016/0370-1573(89)90005-7

Cited by 202 publications

(271 citation statements)

References 111 publications

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“…A propagating electromagnetic wave can cause modification in the plasma and interacts with other propagating waves through a variety of non-linear processes (Robinson, 1989). This is the case when a high power HF radio wave heats the ionosphere during pumping experiments.…”

Section: Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Electron temperature enhancements have been observed during O-mode heating and measured by incoherent scatter radar at Arecibo, i. e. low latitude, by Gordon et al (1971) and Gordon and Carlson (1974). At high latitudes the first observations were performed in Tromsø, Norway (Jones et al, 1982(Jones et al, , 1986Robinson, 1989;Honary et al, 1993). Peak electron temperature enhancements up to ∼50% were measured by Robinson (1989) and by Stocker et al (1992) in the daytime.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…At high latitudes the first observations were performed in Tromsø, Norway (Jones et al, 1982(Jones et al, , 1986Robinson, 1989;Honary et al, 1993). Peak electron temperature enhancements up to ∼50% were measured by Robinson (1989) and by Stocker et al (1992) in the daytime. More recent observations show that much greater electron temperature enhancements up to ∼300% occur at night and when heating along the magnetic field aligned direction (Rietveld et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the absence of a modifying wave, weak incoherent backscatter signals are detected from Doppler shifted Langmuir and ion acoustic waves. In the case of ionospheric modification using a high power radio wave, Langmuir waves and the associated ion acoustic waves are strongly enhanced (Robinson, 1989). Such enhancements distort the incoherent scatter spectrum .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heater-induced altitude descent of the EISCAT UHF ion line enhancements: Observations and modelling

Ashrafi

Kosch

Honary

2006

Advances in Space Research

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On 12 November 2001, artificial optical annuli were produced using the EISCAT highfrequency (HF) ionospheric Heating facility. This unusual phenomenon was induced using O-mode transmissions at 5.423 MHz with 550 MW effective isotropic radiated power and the pump beam dipped 9 degrees south. The pump frequency corresponds to the fourth electron gyro-harmonic frequency at 215 km altitude. The EISCAT UHF radar observed a persistent pump-induced enhancement in the ion line data near the HF reflection altitude. The optical and radar signatures of HF pumping started at ∼230 km and descended to ∼220 km within ∼60 s. This effect has been modelled using the solution to differential equations describing pump-induced electron temperature and density perturbations. The decrease in altitude of the ion line by ∼10 km and changes in electron density have been modelled. The results show that an electron temperature enhancement of up to ∼5700 K can be achieved, which is not sufficient to explain the observed optical emissions.

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Section: Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heater-induced altitude descent of the EISCAT UHF ion line enhancements: Observations and modelling

Ashrafi

Kosch

Honary

2006

Advances in Space Research

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“…The excitation of artificial small-scale field-aligned irregularities or striations (Minkoff et al, 1974;Djuth et al, 1985;Blagoveshchenskaya et al, 1999Blagoveshchenskaya et al, , 2006b), HF-induced electron heating (Rietveld et al, 2003) and airglow (Brandstrom et al, 1999;Pedersen and Carlson, 2001;Kosch et al, 2002), anomalous absorption (Robinson, 1989) and other phenomena occur at the upper hybrid resonance altitude in HF heating experiments when O-mode polarized HF pump waves reach the ionospheric reflection height. An O-mode HF pump wave couples through striations into electrostatic (upper hybrid) waves at the upper-hybrid resonance altitude, which is below the reflection height of the heating wave.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenomena induced by powerful HF pumping towards magnetic zenith with a frequency near the F-region critical frequency and the third electron gyro harmonic frequency

Blagoveshchenskaya

Carlson²,

Kornienko

et al. 2009

Ann. Geophys.

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Abstract. Multi-instrument observational data from an experiment on 13 October 2006 at the EISCAT/HEATING facility at Tromsø, Norway are analysed. The experiment was carried out in the evening hours when the electron density in the F-region dropped, and the HF pump frequency f H was near and then above the critical frequency of the F2 layer. The distinctive feature of this experiment is that the pump frequency was just below the third electron gyro harmonic frequency, while both the HF pump beam and UHF radar beam were directed towards the magnetic zenith (MZ). The HF pump-induced phenomena were diagnosed with several instruments: the bi-static HF radio scatter on the LondonTromsø-St. Petersburg path, the CUTLASS radar in Hankasalmi (Finland), the European Incoherent Scatter (EIS-CAT) UHF radar at Tromsø and the Tromsø ionosonde (dynasonde). The results show thermal electron excitation of the HF-induced striations seen simultaneously from HF bi-static scatter and CUTLASS radar observations, accompanied by increases of electron temperature when the heater frequency was near and then above the critical frequency of the F2 layer by up to 0.4 MHz. An increase of the electron density up to 25% accompanied by strong HF-induced electron heating was observed, only when the heater frequency was near the critical frequency and just below the third electron gyro harmonic frequency. It is concluded that the combined effect of upper hybrid resonance and gyro resonance at the same altitude gives rise to strong electron heating, the excitation of Correspondence to: N. F. Blagoveshchenskaya (nataly@aari.nw.ru) striations, HF ray trapping and extension of HF waves to altitudes where they can excite Langmuir turbulence and fluxes of electrons accelerated to energies that produce ionization.

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The thresholds of ionospheric plasma instabilities pumped by high‐frequency radio waves at EISCAT

et al. 2013

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[1] We test the existing theories regarding the thresholds for the parametric decay instability (PDI), the oscillating two-steam instability (OTSI), and the thermal parametric instability (TPI) using the European Incoherent Scatter (EISCAT) facility's ionospheric heater. In these processes, the pump wave can couple to various electrostatic waves in the F layer ionosphere, which can be observed using the EISCAT UHF radar (PDI and OTSI) or by HF radar (TPI). On 19 October 2012, the heater power was stepped from 0.5 MW to 100 MW effective radiated power in seven steps using a 1 min on, 1 min off cycle. We use an electric field model, taking into account D region absorption, to compare theory with our observations. In all three cases, we find good agreement. In addition, the growth of striations formed during the TPI causes anomalous absorption of the heater wave, which we observe as decreased UHF ion line and plasma line backscatter power. We show evidence that heating for a prolonged period of time reduces the UHF ion line intensity throughout the experiment.Citation: Bryers, C. J., M. J. Kosch, A. Senior, M. T. Rietveld, and T. K. Yeoman (2013), The thresholds of ionospheric plasma instabilities pumped by high-frequency radio waves at EISCAT,

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The heating of the high lattitude ionosphere by high power radio waves

Cited by 202 publications

References 111 publications

Heater-induced altitude descent of the EISCAT UHF ion line enhancements: Observations and modelling

Heater-induced altitude descent of the EISCAT UHF ion line enhancements: Observations and modelling

Phenomena induced by powerful HF pumping towards magnetic zenith with a frequency near the F-region critical frequency and the third electron gyro harmonic frequency

The thresholds of ionospheric plasma instabilities pumped by high‐frequency radio waves at EISCAT

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