The Heavy Cost of Care: Systemic Challenges in Norwegian Work Absenteeism

Palmer, Erika

doi:10.3390/socsci7060094

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Moreover, asymmetry in gender role change has led to the phenomena of double burden which refers to a situation where women/mothers doing paid work face the second (unpaid) work shift at home in terms of childcare and housework (England 2010;Hochschild and Machung 2003). The double burden can further have various negative effects for the wellbeing of women/mothers (Hagqvist et al 2017;Hagqvist et al 2018), for example in terms of increased sickness absence from paid work (Bratberg and Risa 2002;Palmer 2018).…”

Section: Previous Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

How to Divide Paid Work and Unpaid Care between Parents? Comparison of Attitudes in 22 Western Countries

2018

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Sharing responsibilities for paid work and unpaid care between men and women is recognised as one of the challenges that Western countries face in the 21st century. This article examines attitudes towards sharing paid work and unpaid care responsibilities in 22 Western countries by addressing the following questions. (1) How do attitudes towards different earner-carer models vary across countries? (2) Which socio-demographic and country-level factors explain differences in attitudes to an equal division of paid work and unpaid care responsibilities? International Social Survey Programme (ISSP) data 2012 is used as the data source and research methods include logistic multi-level regression analysis. Results reveal that cross-national variations in attitudes are significant: Most traditional attitudes are found in many Eastern European countries, whereas Nordic countries are the least traditional. At the individual level, those who are highly educated, in paid work, single, childless, and religiously non-active support the equal division of paid work and unpaid care responsibilities more often than other respondents. At the country level, longer father-specific parental leave, a stronger tradition of women's paid work, and less traditional gender roles are related to stronger support for an equal division of paid work and unpaid care.

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Section: Previous Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

How to Divide Paid Work and Unpaid Care between Parents? Comparison of Attitudes in 22 Western Countries

2018

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“…This is important to address in relation to this study because labor force dynamics have a relationship with gender identity, as women are much more represented in care professions, and these are considered of lower value even when they are highly-skilled (such as nurses and teachers) [27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Disadvantage: Evidence of Gender Disparities in the Norwegian Pension System

Palmer

2017

Social Sciences

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Abstract:Norway is a world leader in gender equality according to sustainable development performance indicators. This study goes beyond these indicators to investigate systemic economic disadvantages for women, focusing specifically on the Norwegian pension system. System dynamics modeling is used to understand how gender disparity is built into social systems. A significant contributor to the gender inequality in pensions is the difference in lifetime working hours due to childbearing/rearing. There are childcare policies in place to equalize lifetime working hours between the genders; however, these policies require women to conform to the pension system structure and outsource their childcare. The system dynamics modeling illustrates how social investment strategy requires women to conform to a masculine pension system if they want equivalent financial security when they reach retirement.

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“…In this paper, we are bridging this type of policymaking with the systems context. Systems engineering has made inroads both with policymakers through academic and government collaboration 3,4 and strategically as a community through the International Council on Systems Engineering's (INCOSE) Vision 2035. 5 Through this vision and INCOSE's Future of Systems Engineering (FuSE) initiative 6 to implement this vision, there are specific goals to bring systems engineering into sociotechnical applications, including policy systems.…”

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confidence: 99%

Systemic innovation for countering violent radicalization: Systems engineering in a policy context

Clancy,

Addison,

Pavlov

et al. 2024

Systems Engineering

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This paper brings a systems engineering approach to policymaking in the context of violent radicalization. We test strategies to combat terrorism under the premise that violent radicalization is a complex system of social contagion resulting in terrorism. We built a simulation using DIME‐PMESII military standards to replicate a terror contagion occurring over 10 years in both physical and online environments under optimal, realistic, and worst‐case scenarios. We then tested antiterrorism, counterterrorism, and counter radicalization strategies as policy experiments in this simulation. These experiments identified four key dynamics relevant for developing policies to reduce terrorism. First, most well‐known policies are ineffective in containing terrorism driven by social contagion. Second, strategies generating backlash can become worse than doing nothing at all. Third, perceived grievance determines the carrying capacity of terrorism in a system, allowing disrupted networks to regenerate. Fourth, variable public support may result in sharp secondary waves of violence under certain contingencies. Experimenting with our model, we explore effective ways to address the violent radicalization problem.

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The Heavy Cost of Care: Systemic Challenges in Norwegian Work Absenteeism

Cited by 5 publications

References 21 publications

How to Divide Paid Work and Unpaid Care between Parents? Comparison of Attitudes in 22 Western Countries

How to Divide Paid Work and Unpaid Care between Parents? Comparison of Attitudes in 22 Western Countries

Structural Disadvantage: Evidence of Gender Disparities in the Norwegian Pension System

Systemic innovation for countering violent radicalization: Systems engineering in a policy context

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