The Hemotrophic Bacteria: The Families Bartonellaceae and Anaplasmataceae

Kreier, Julius P.; Gothe, R.; Ihler, Garret M.; Krampitz, H. E.; Mernaugh, Glenda; Palmer, Guy H.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4757-2191-1_63

The Prokaryotes 1992

DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4757-2191-1_63

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The Hemotrophic Bacteria: The Families Bartonellaceae and Anaplasmataceae

Julius P. Kreier¹,

R. Gothe²,

Garret M. Ihler³

et al.

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Cited by 13 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…Hemobartonella species reside on the erythrocyte surface, but they usually are in deep indentations that can appear as vacuoles if cross sectioned.2L Eperythrozoon species also reside in deep indentations on the erythrocyte surface, but they also occur free in the plasma. 13,22 In this report, we describe the clinical pathologic, light microscopic, and electron microscopic features of Hemobartonella-like red blood cell parasites associated with anemic episodes in five female cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis).…”

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confidence: 99%

Hemobartonella-like Parasites in Cynomolgus Monkeys (Macaca fascicularis)

Dillberger

Loudy²,

Adler³

et al. 1994

Vet Pathol

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Abstract. Red blood cell parasites were identified electron microscopically in five anemic adult female cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis), two of which died during anemic episodes. Organisms typically were 0.3-0.5-pm round, oval, or reniform bodies on the surface or within vacuoles of erythrocytes. Based on their size, location in the erythrocyte, and internal ultrastructural features, organisms were classified as Hemobartonella-like. The relationship between the organisms and the anemias in these monkeys was unclear. This report adds rickettsia1 erythrocyte infections to the list of latent infections that can complicate research studies with cynomolgus monkeys.

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confidence: 99%

Hemobartonella-like Parasites in Cynomolgus Monkeys (Macaca fascicularis)

Dillberger

Loudy²,

Adler³

et al. 1994

Vet Pathol

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“…Eperythrozoon coccoides is a blood parasite of laboratory and wild mice and was one of the first discovered members (Schilling, 1928;Dinger, 1928Dinger, , 1929 of what has emerged as a large and ubiquitous group of haemotrophic bacteria that infect a broad range of mammalian hosts including, occasionally, humans (Weinman, 1935(Weinman, , 1944Kreier et al, 1992;Neimark et al, 2001). E. coccoides, like most members of the group, is vector-transmitted and produces a primary acute infection which is followed by a persistent latent infection.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…coccoides was thought to be a rickettsia because of its obligate parasitism, small size and filterability, erythrocyte localization and arthropod vector transmission. E. coccoides, together with a number of similar haemotrophic bacteria, was classified in the order Rickettsiales, family Anaplasmataceae (Kreier & Ristic, 1984;Kreier et al, 1981Kreier et al, , 1992. Recently, phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences from several of these bacteria has demonstrated that these uncultivated wall-less bacteria are not rickettsia, but instead are mycoplasmas (Rikihisa et al, 1997;Neimark & Kocan, 1997;Neimark et al, 2001Neimark et al, , 2002b.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic analysis and description of Eperythrozoon coccoides, proposal to transfer to the genus Mycoplasma as Mycoplasma coccoides comb. nov. and Request for an Opinion

Neimark

Peters

Robinson

et al. 2005

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology

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“…A physical map of the DNA was constructed by contour-clamped homogeneous electric field pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of DNA restriction fragments. rRNA operons, the invasion-associated locus, and a flagellin gene were located on the map by hybridization.Bartonella bacilliformis is a flagellated, highly motile, hemotrophic, gram-negative bacterium (6, 13) which is transmitted to humans by sand fly bites (4,6,7,13). It is the causative agent of Carrión's disease, an endemic disease in certain areas of Columbia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, and Chile (4).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bartonella bacilliformis is a flagellated, highly motile, hemotrophic, gram-negative bacterium (6, 13) which is transmitted to humans by sand fly bites (4,6,7,13). It is the causative agent of Carrión's disease, an endemic disease in certain areas of Columbia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, and Chile (4).…”

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confidence: 99%

Physical map of the Bartonella bacilliformis genome

1995

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The genome of Bartonella bacilliformis was shown to be a single circular DNA molecule of about 1,600 kbp having six NotI, four SfiI, and two CeuI sites. A physical map of the DNA was constructed by contour-clamped homogeneous electric field pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of DNA restriction fragments. rRNA operons, the invasion-associated locus, and a flagellin gene were located on the map by hybridization.Bartonella bacilliformis is a flagellated, highly motile, hemotrophic, gram-negative bacterium (6, 13) which is transmitted to humans by sand fly bites (4,6,7,13). It is the causative agent of Carrión's disease, an endemic disease in certain areas of Columbia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, and Chile (4). To facilitate study of this interesting bacterium, we have constructed an initial physical map of its DNA by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) of NotI, SfiI, and CeuI restriction fragments.Number and sizes of restriction fragments. B. bacilliformis, grown to 1 ϫ 10 8 to 2 ϫ 10 8 bacteria per ml as previously described (9), was washed with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), resuspended in 1 ml of PBS, mixed with 1 ml of molten 2% pulsed-field agarose (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Richmond, Calif.), and poured into a commercial plastic mold (Bio-Rad, Richmond, Calif.) designed to form thin agarose slabs. The bacteria were lysed within the agarose slabs by soaking the slabs in 1% sodium dodecyl sulfate-proteinase K (1 mg/ml)-TBE (89 mM Tris, 89 mM boric acid, 2 mM EDTA [pH 8.0]) for 48 h at 37ЊC, rinsing them with 10 changes of TBE, soaking them in 100% ice-cold acetone for 20 min, and rinsing them with 5 changes of TBE. The processed slabs were stored in 0.5 M EDTA at 4ЊC. Digestions were performed on small agarose plugs (9 by 1 by 1 mm) cut from the slabs. The plugs were washed and placed into microcentrifuge tubes. Restriction endonuclease digestions were performed under conditions recommended by New England Biolabs (Beverly, Mass.). After electrophoresis, the DNA was initially visualized with ethidium bromide. In later experiments, 32 P labeling of DNA within the agarose slabs was accomplished by including dATP, dTTP, dGTP (25 nM each), [ 32 P]dCTP (25 Ci/ml), and Taq polymerase (12.5 U/ml) in the restriction digestion reaction mixtures; unincorporated radioactive material was removed by washing before electrophoresis. After electrophoresis, the DNA was stained with ethidium bromide, photographed, nicked, vacuum transferred to a nylon membrane, and autoradiographed.Digestion with SfiI produced four DNA fragments, S1 to S4 (Fig. 1A, lane 3), with sizes of 753, 602, 247, and Ͻ50 kbp, respectively, measured by PFGE with a CHEF-DRII or -DRIII apparatus (Bio-Rad, Hercules, Calif.). By standard gel electrophoresis, the size of the fourth band was shown to be 15 kbp. NotI digestion produced six fragments, N1 to N6 (Fig. 1B, lane 3), with sizes of 544, 444, 354, 116, 109, and 50 kbp, respectively, by PFGE. The sums of the fragment sizes were 1,617 kbp for both SfiI and NotI digestions; this exact agreement, while convenien...

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The Hemotrophic Bacteria: The Families Bartonellaceae and Anaplasmataceae

Cited by 13 publications

References 79 publications

Hemobartonella-like Parasites in Cynomolgus Monkeys (Macaca fascicularis)

Hemobartonella-like Parasites in Cynomolgus Monkeys (Macaca fascicularis)

Phylogenetic analysis and description of Eperythrozoon coccoides, proposal to transfer to the genus Mycoplasma as Mycoplasma coccoides comb. nov. and Request for an Opinion

Physical map of the Bartonella bacilliformis genome

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