The herbal composition GGEx18 from<i>Laminaria japonica, Rheum palmatum</i>, and<i>Ephedra sinica</i>reduces obesity via skeletal muscle AMPK and PPARα

Shin, Soon Shik; Park, Dongmin; Lee, Hee Young; Hong, Yeonhee; Choi, Jeong-Hyun; Oh, Jae-Ho; Lee, Hyunghee; Lee, Hye Rim; Kim, Mi Ryeo; Shen, Zhi-Bin; Cui, Hong; Yoon, Michung

doi:10.3109/13880209.2011.618502

Cited by 17 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…As a traditional purgative, rhubarb was also demonstrated to possess anti-lipase [35], antiobesity and lipid-lowering properties [36]. Besides, rhubarb has been used most frequently in the weight-reducing formulae in traditional Chinese medicine [37], and it is one of the three herbs composing the Korean antiobesity drug GGEx18 [38]. It was reported that rhubarb also contained naringin, the synergistic interaction between emodin and naringin might benefit its antiobesity activity [39].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Synergistic interactions of apigenin, naringin, quercetin and emodin on inhibition of 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation and pancreas lipase activity

Guo

Liu

Cai

et al. 2016

Obesity Research & Clinical Practice

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Synergistic interactions of apigenin, naringin, quercetin and emodin on inhibition of 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation and pancreas lipase activity

Guo

Liu

Cai

et al. 2016

Obesity Research & Clinical Practice

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“…As mentioned in Section 4.1 , over the last few years more than 100 different natural products have been shown to activate AMPK; a list of these, which is almost certainly not comprehensive, is shown in Table 1 41 , 44 , 49 , 50 , 59 , 60 , 69 , 120 , 121 , 122 , 123 , 124 , 125 , 126 , 127 , 128 , 129 , 130 , 131 , 132 , 133 , 134 , 135 , 136 , 137 , 138 , 139 , 140 , 141 , 142 , 143 , 144 , 145 , 146 , 147 , 148 , 149 , 150 , 151 , 152 , 153 , 154 , 155 , 156 , 157 , 158 , 159 , 160 , 161 , 162 , 163 , 164 , 165 , 166 , 167 , 168 , 169 , 170 , 171 , 172 , 173 , 174 , 175 , 176 , 177 , 178 , …”

Section: Regulation Of Ampk By Natural Products Used In Traditional Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of AMP-activated protein kinase by natural and synthetic activators

Hardie

2016

Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B

146

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The AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a sensor of cellular energy status that is almost universally expressed in eukaryotic cells. While it appears to have evolved in single-celled eukaryotes to regulate energy balance in a cell-autonomous manner, during the evolution of multicellular animals its role has become adapted so that it also regulates energy balance at the whole body level, by responding to hormones that act primarily on the hypothalamus. AMPK monitors energy balance at the cellular level by sensing the ratios of AMP/ATP and ADP/ATP, and recent structural analyses of the AMPK heterotrimer that have provided insight into the complex mechanisms for these effects will be discussed. Given the central importance of energy balance in diseases that are major causes of morbidity or death in humans, such as type 2 diabetes, cancer and inflammatory disorders, there has been a major drive to develop pharmacological activators of AMPK. Many such activators have been described, and the various mechanisms by which these activate AMPK will be discussed. A particularly large class of AMPK activators are natural products of plants derived from traditional herbal medicines. While the mechanism by which most of these activate AMPK has not yet been addressed, I will argue that many of them may be defensive compounds produced by plants to deter infection by pathogens or grazing by insects or herbivores, and that many of them will turn out to be inhibitors of mitochondrial function.

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“…Since more than two decades the potential bioactivity of marine algae has been studied and lately anti-obesogenic and anti-diabetic effects have become of major interest. Among the molecular targets of algae extracts and isolated compounds are genes encoding proteins centrally involved in cholesterol and lipid synthesis, fatty acid oxidation and energy metabolism [ 8 , 14 , 16 , 17 ]. Despite the knowledge of their beneficial metabolic effects, it is unclear whether the described tissues and pathways are primary targets of algal compounds or whether the metabolic improvement may be mediated indirectly by other mechanisms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An extract from the Atlantic brown algae Saccorhiza polyschides counteracts diet-induced obesity in mice via a gut related multi-factorial mechanisms

et al. 2017

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In this study we addressed the questions whether an Atlantic brown algae extract (BAE) affects diet induced obesity in mice and which would be the primary targets and underlying key mechanisms.Male C57 BL/6 mice were fed a hypercaloric diet, referred to as high fat diet (HFD), supplemented with a freeze-dried aqueous BAE from Saccorhiza polyschides (5 %) for 8 months. Compared to the control group, dietary BAE supplementation significantly attenuated increase in body weight and fat mass. We observed apparent metabolic improvement including normalization of blood glucose, reduced plasma leptin, reduced fecal bile salt hydrolase activity with lower microbial production of toxic bile acid metabolites in the gut and increased systemic bile acid circulation in BAE-fed mice counteracting adverse effects of long term HFD feeding. Survival of mice receiving dietary BAE supplementation appeared slightly enhanced; however, median and maximal life spans as well as hepatic mTOR activation were not significantly different between BAE and control mice.We suggest that the beneficial metabolic effects of our BAE are at least partly mediated by alterations in gut microbiota associated with fermentation of indigestible polysaccharides that are major components of brown algae such as alginates and fucoidans. We moreover propose a multi-factorial mechanism that involves profound alterations in bile acid homeostasis, changes in intestinal and systemic glucose metabolism likely including increased intestinal gluconeogenesis, increased activity of the intestinally derived hormone GLP-1 contributing to promote systemic insulin sensitivity, and inhibition of α-amylase activity, which expectably limits dietary carbohydrate digestion and glucose release.

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The herbal composition GGEx18 fromLaminaria japonica, Rheum palmatum, andEphedra sinicareduces obesity via skeletal muscle AMPK and PPARα

Cited by 17 publications

References 34 publications

Synergistic interactions of apigenin, naringin, quercetin and emodin on inhibition of 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation and pancreas lipase activity

Synergistic interactions of apigenin, naringin, quercetin and emodin on inhibition of 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation and pancreas lipase activity

Regulation of AMP-activated protein kinase by natural and synthetic activators

An extract from the Atlantic brown algae Saccorhiza polyschides counteracts diet-induced obesity in mice via a gut related multi-factorial mechanisms

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