The herbal medicine Dai-kenchu-to and one of its active components [6]-shogaol increase intestinal blood flow in rats

Murata, Pin; Kase, Yoshio; Ishige, Atsushi; Sasaki, Hiroshi; Kurosawa, Susumu; Nakamura, Takashi

doi:10.1016/s0024-3205(01)01552-1

Cited by 72 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…DKT seems to exert a fine regulation of intestinal motility safely by eliciting both contraction (excitatory nerves) and relaxation (inhibitory nerves) of smooth muscles without changing the properties of pacemaker potentials. Furthermore DKT increase blood flow in mesenteric artery via releasing CGRP (Murata et al, 2002) and inhibit COX2 activity (Hayakawa et al, 1999a). These effects may protect ICC from inflammation and maintain the normal function of ICC in gastrointestinal disease (Lu et al, 1997).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…DKT seems to improve postoperative quality of life (QOL) of patients after surgery for gastrointestinal disorders, since it makes possible for patients to shorten their duration of hospitalization (Endo et al, 2006). DKT ameliorates gastrointestinal dysfunction through various effects, such as contraction and relaxation of smooth muscles (Furukawa et al, 1995;Kurosawa et al, 1998;Hayakawa et al, 1999b;Satoh K et al, 2001aSatoh K et al, , 2001bTulimat et al, 2001), increase of blood flow in mesenteric artery (Murata et al, 2002) and anti-inflammatory effects (Hayakawa et al, 1999a). Thus, DKT has functional improvement in intestine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Dai-kenchu-to on spontaneous activity in the mouse small intestine

Kito

Suzuki

2006

J. Smooth Muscle Res.

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The effects of Dai-kenchu-to (DKT), a Chinese medicine, on spontaneous activity of mouse small intestine were investigated. Experiments were carried out with tension recording and intracellular recording. DKT contracted mouse longitudinal smooth muscles in a dose dependent manner (0.1-10 mg/ml). Low concentration of DKT (0.1 mg/ml) did not contract the longitudinal muscles of mouse small intestine. DKT (0.1 mg/ml) inhibited contraction elicited by transmural nerve stimulation (TNS). DKT (1 mg/ml) evoked relaxation before contraction. The initial relaxation was abolished by N ω -nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA). DKT (10 mg/ml)-induced contraction had two components: a transient rapid contraction and a following slow contraction. Atropine inhibited DKT (1 mg/ml)-induced contraction to about 50% of control. In the presence of atropine, tetrodotoxin (TTX) inhibited the contraction elicited by DKT (1 mg/ml) to about 80%. DKT depolarized the membrane and decreased the amplitude of pacemaker potentials recorded from in situ myenteric interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC-MY) with no alteration to the frequency, duration and maximum rates of rise in the presence of nifedipine and TTX.The same results were obtained in slow waves recorded from circular smooth muscle cells. These results indicate that DKT evoked both contraction and relaxation by releasing acetylcholine, nitric oxide and other excitatory neurotransmitters in mouse small intestine. DKT had no effects on pacemaker mechanisms and electrical coupling between ICC-MY and smooth muscle cells in mouse small intestine. The results also suggest that DKT may contract smooth muscles by depolarizing the membrane directly.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Dai-kenchu-to on spontaneous activity in the mouse small intestine

Kito

Suzuki

2006

J. Smooth Muscle Res.

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“…43) Recently, it has been reported that Daikenchu-to increases intestinal blood flow, which is mainly mediated by CGRP, in rats. 4) In our study, Dai-kenchu-to significantly raised plasma CGRP-IS levels after administration to healthy volunteers. On the other hand, plasma CGRP-IS levels after the administration of Dai-kenchu-to with pirenzepine pretreatment tended to decrease compared with the administration of Dai-kenchu-to alone.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 45%

“…[2][3][4] We confirmed that the administration of Dai-kenchu-to causes significant increases in the levels of motilin, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), serotonin, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), and substance P in human plasma. [5][6][7] These results indicate that the gastrointestinal motor activity of Dai-kenchu-to is closely related to changes in these neuropeptides in human plasma.…”

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confidence: 62%

“…Murata et al also reported that Dai-kenchu-to produces an increase in intestinal blood flow and the administration of the atropine or VIP receptor antagonist partially attenuated the Dai-kenchu-to-induced hyperemia. 4) Therefore the pharmacologic action of Dai-kenchu-to might be partially due to the changes in plasma motilin and VIP. In our results, the coadministration of Dai-kenchu-to with pirenzepine pretreatment caused a significant decrease in plasma motilin and VIP release, compared with Dai-kenchu-to alone.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Pirenzepine on Dai-kenchu-to-Induced Elevation of the Plasma Neuropeptide Levels in Humans

Sato

Inoue

Katagiri

et al. 2006

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Dai-kenchu-to (Da-Jian-Zhong-Tang), a traditional Japanese Kampo medicine, is prepared from three different Chinese crude drugs: ninjin (Ginseng radix), sanshou (Zanthoxyli fructus), and kankyou (Zingiberis siccaatum rhizome). Dai-kenchu-to has been used for the treatment of abdominal obstructions, including bowel obstructions and a feeling of coldness in the abdomen. Dai-kenchu-to has recently been evaluated for its clinical usefulness in the treatment and prevention of uncomplicated postoperative adhesive intestinal obstruction and its clinical efficacy has been reported.1) It has been reported that the action of Dai-kenchuto is related to both increments in gastrointestinal motility and intestinal blood flow. [2][3][4] We confirmed that the administration of Dai-kenchu-to causes significant increases in the levels of motilin, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), serotonin, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), and substance P in human plasma. [5][6][7] These results indicate that the gastrointestinal motor activity of Dai-kenchu-to is closely related to changes in these neuropeptides in human plasma.Nervous mechanisms are important for the regulation of gastrointestinal motility and blood flow. A number of neuropeptides such as CGRP, substance P, and VIP have been localized immunohistochemically in sensory nerves innervating the gastrointestinal tract.8) The release of these peptides is controlled by acetylcholine (ACh) from the preganglionic fibers of the parasympathetic nerve.9-11) Muscarinic receptors are also present on the membrane of motilin-secreting cells, and ACh is a major regulator of motilin release in the gastrointestine. [12][13][14][15] Pirenzepine, an antagonist specific for muscarinic M 1 receptors, suppresses acid output and is used to treat gastritis and peptic ulcers clinically.16) It has also been shown that this drug suppresses the elevation of serum gastrin levels by acting directly or indirectly on gastrin cells (G cells). 17,18) In this study, we examined the effects of pirenzepine on Daikenchu-to-induced elevation of plasma gastrin-, motilin-, somatostatin-, VIP-, CGRP-, and substance P-immunoreactive substance (IS) levels and the area under the plasma neuropeptides concentration-time curve from 0 to 240 min (AUC 0→240 min ) in human volunteers. VOLUNTEERS, MATERIALS, AND METHODSMaterials Dai-kenchu-to (TJ-100), prepared as a dried extract powder of Ginseng radix (3.0 g), Zanthoxyli fructus (2.0 g), and Zingiberis siccaatum rhizome (5.0 g) were purchased from Tsumura Co. Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan). Pirenzepine (Gastrozepine tablets) was purchased from Boehringer Ingelheim Co. Ltd. (Hyogo, Japan). The placebo was excipient alone (glucose and maltose) for the above formulations.Synthetic human gastrin I (2-17) was purchased from Sigma Chemicals (St. Louis, MO, U.S.A.) and the VIP fragment peptide was supplied by Professor H. Yajima (Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan). Antisera to gastrin (A600/R1B), VIP (A6054/R1B), and CGRP were purchased from Biogenesis (Poole, U.K.). Antisera to somatos...

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Ginger: A complementary approach for management of cardiovascular diseases

et al. 2021

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Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Inflammation and oxidative stress play critical roles in progression of various types of CVD. Broad pharmacological properties of ginger (the rhizome of Zingiber officinale) and its bioactive components have been reported, suggesting that they can be a therapeutic choice for clinical use. Consistent with its rich phenolic content, the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of ginger have been confirmed in many studies. Ginger modifies many cellular processes and in particular was shown to have potent inhibitory effects against nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB); signal transducer and activator of transcription; NOD-, LRR-, and pyrin domain-containing proteins; toll-like receptors; mitogenactivated protein kinase; and mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathways. Ginger also blocks pro-inflammatory cytokines and the activation of the immune system. Ginger suppresses the activity of oxidative molecules such as

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The herbal medicine Dai-kenchu-to and one of its active components [6]-shogaol increase intestinal blood flow in rats

Cited by 72 publications

References 17 publications

Effects of Dai-kenchu-to on spontaneous activity in the mouse small intestine

Effects of Dai-kenchu-to on spontaneous activity in the mouse small intestine

Effects of Pirenzepine on Dai-kenchu-to-Induced Elevation of the Plasma Neuropeptide Levels in Humans

Ginger: A complementary approach for management of cardiovascular diseases

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