“…Mitochondria play an imperative role in glucose metabolism, insulin secretion and biogenesis, hence its dysfunction is reportedly found to play a crucial role in diabetes development (Gerbitz et al 1996;Choo Kang et al 2002). Earlier reports showed the association of mitochondrial DNA mutations like 1310C [T, 1382A[C, 1438G[A, 1201A[G, 3243A[G, 3252A[G, 3256A[T, 3264A[C, 3271A[C, 3290T[C, 3303C[T, 3316G[A, 3394T[C, 8296A[G, 8344A[G, 11778G[A, 12026A[G, 12258C[A, 14577T[C, 14709T[C and 16189T[C (Giles et al 1980Alcolado et al 1994;Kalinin et al 1995;Seneca et al 1998;Chinnery et al 2000;Hattori et al 2003;Pranoto 2005;Brandon et al 2005;Liu et al 2007;Mezghani et al 2010;Vijaya Padma et al 2010;Duraisamy et al 2010;Weng et al, 2013) with T2D development. Particularly, mutation in tRNA Leu gene at 3243 (A[G) position and in the subunits of NADH dehydrogenase 1 and 4 have been reported to have strong association with diabetes incidence in different populations (Kalinin et al 1995;Zhao and Zhang 2001;Lam et al 2001;Pranoto 2005;Yu et al 2004;Duraisamy et al 2010;Vijaya Padma et al 2010).…”