The high level of nutritional niche overlap between red fox (Vulpes vulpes) and sympatric golden jackal (Canis aureus) affects the body weight of juvenile foxes

Farkas, Attila; Jánoska, Ferenc; Fodor, József-Tamás; Náhlik, András

doi:10.1007/s10344-017-1101-x

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…However, the impact of the fox’s numerous competitors is unclear (for instance the European badger Meles meles ; stone marten Martes foina ; raccoon Procyon lotor ; birds of prey; corvids; domestic, feral, and wild cats Felis silvestris ; and raccoon dogs Nyctereutes procyonides ). The golden jackal Canis aureus , a dominant competitor for the fox (Farkas et al 2017), is currently rare, but is spreading into some parts of Europe. Finally, the red fox in Western Europe is essentially controlled by the environmental carrying capacity, notably the availability of food.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fox Vulpes vulpes population trends in Western Europe during and after the eradication of rabies

et al. 2022

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1. Over several decades, Western Europe experienced an outbreak of sylvatic rabies, eliminated through an EU programme involving large-scale red fox vaccination campaigns. While much work has been done on the dynamics of the virus and on the efficiency of vaccination campaigns, very little attention has been paid to the impact on the large-scale dynamics of the fox population. 2. As Western Europe has now been free of rabies for about 15-20 years, the aims of this review are to characterise the impact of rabies during the outbreak itself and to increase understanding of how fox populations evolved thereafter. The rabies-free populations in the UK are also integrated as a comparative control. 3. Trends in fox populations are based on a review of available data, mainly hunting statistics and a few other methods. The benefits and biases of these methods are also discussed. 4. During the rabies epizootic, fox populations experienced a significant decline and stabilised at lower densities than observed in the past. A demographic explosion followed the vaccination campaigns, and fox populations became larger than had been observed before the epizootic. Rabies vaccination was not the direct cause of this demographic explosion, as rabies-free areas experienced it also. The causes are more to be sought in environmental modifications induced by humans. 5. This demographic explosion was followed by the emergence of urban fox populations throughout Europe. Moreover, the new higher densities favoured the outbreak of other diseases, though their impact was more limited. Around the 2000s, rural fox populations appeared to reach densities close to carrying capacity and populations stabilised. However, subsequently, with some Keywords Demographic explosion, post-rabies population trends, rabies, rabies vaccination, red fox Vulpes vulpes, urban fox, Western Europe *Correspondence

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fox Vulpes vulpes population trends in Western Europe during and after the eradication of rabies

et al. 2022

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“…Both species are sympatric canids; the golden jackal may be more dominant due to a narrower trophic niche breadth, more successful offspring rearing, engagement in group hunting, and overall larger body size [ 53 , 54 ]. This is supported by Farkas et al (2017) [ 55 ], where the body weight of juvenile rex foxes is affected by the nutritional niche overlap between the two species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

From invaders to residents: The golden jackal (Canis aureus) expansion in Hungary since the mid-1990s

Bijl,

Schally,

Márton

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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The golden jackal has rapidly expanded across Europe in recent decades and was one of the first to reappear in Hungary. Using hunting bag data from the National Game Management Database from 1995 to 2021, we examined the spatial expansion of the species and its population dynamics. Our findings reveal an exponential increase in the golden jackal population since the mid-1990s, with an average annual growth rate of 40% in the hunting bag and an occupancy of 86% of the country. The average speed of the range expansion was 536.9 km2 year-1 until 2007 and increased to an average of 5,289.1 km2 year-1 during the second part of the expansion process. The density of shot golden jackals also shows an increasing trend with a substantial presence of outliers, indicating that nearly 10% of the hunting bag demonstrates exceptionally high numbers, particularly in southwestern Hungary. The spread originated in the southwest and extended towards the northeast and northwest. However, the increase of the hunting bag slowed down and the expansion rate has decreased in the previous two years, leading us to anticipate that the golden jackal population will stabilize soon, as the expansion has reached its maximum in Hungary. This indicates that from the initial settlement to the stabilization of the population, the time span can be two to three decades.

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“…The golden jackal is a medium‐sized opportunistic mesopredator with a broad range of food categories, including small mammals (mainly rodents), birds (and their eggs), amphibians, reptiles, invertebrates, and sporadically plants (especially fruits) (Farkas et al, 2017 ; Gherman & Mihalca, 2017 ; Lange et al, 2021 ; Lanszki et al, 2016 ; Penezić & Ćirović, 2015 ; Torretta et al, 2021 ). This flexible and generalist diet of the golden jackal is supposed to promote the currently observed area expansion (Hatlauf et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This flexible and generalist diet of the golden jackal is supposed to promote the currently observed area expansion (Hatlauf et al, 2021 ). Its opportunistic omnivorous diet makes C. aureus a potential food competitor with the red fox ( Vulpes vulpes ; Farkas et al, 2017 ; Lanszki et al, 2016 ). Thus, Giannatos ( 2004 ) notes that the population densities of fox and golden jackal may strongly interact with each other.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From the Balkan towards Western Europe: Range expansion of the golden jackal (Canis aureus)—A climatic niche modeling approach

Cunze

Klimpel

2022

Ecology and Evolution

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In recent decades, a rapid range expansion of the golden jackal ( Canis aureus ) towards Northern and Western Europe has been observed. The golden jackal is a medium‐sized canid, with a broad and flexible diet. Almost 200 different parasite species have been reported worldwide from C. aureus , including many parasites that are shared with dogs and cats and parasite species of public health concern. As parasites may follow the range shifts of their host, the range expansion of the golden jackal could be accompanied by changes in the parasite fauna in the new ecosystems. In the new distribution area, the golden jackal could affect ecosystem equilibrium, e.g., through changed competition situations or predation pressure. In a niche modeling approach, we project the future climatic habitat suitability of the golden jackal in Europe in the context of whether climatic changes promote range expansion. We use an ensemble forecast based on six presence‐absence algorithms to estimate the climatic suitability of C. aureus for different time periods up to the year 2100 considering different IPCC scenarios on future development. As predictor variables, we used six bioclimatic variables provided by worldclim. Our results clearly indicate that areas with climatic conditions analogous to those of the current core distribution area of the golden jackal in Europe will strongly expand towards the north and the west in future decades. Thus, the observed range expansion may be favored by climate change. The occurrence of stable populations can be expected in Central Europe. With regard to biodiversity and public health concerns, the population and range dynamics of the golden jackal should be surveyed. Correlative niche models provide a useful and frequently applied tool for this purpose. The results can help to make monitoring more efficient by identifying areas with suitable habitat and thus a higher probability of occurrence.

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The high level of nutritional niche overlap between red fox (Vulpes vulpes) and sympatric golden jackal (Canis aureus) affects the body weight of juvenile foxes

Cited by 11 publications

References 18 publications

Fox Vulpes vulpes population trends in Western Europe during and after the eradication of rabies

Fox Vulpes vulpes population trends in Western Europe during and after the eradication of rabies

From invaders to residents: The golden jackal (Canis aureus) expansion in Hungary since the mid-1990s

From the Balkan towards Western Europe: Range expansion of the golden jackal (Canis aureus)—A climatic niche modeling approach

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