The Hippocampus and Memory of Verbal and Pictorial Material

Papanicolaou, Andrew C.; Simos, Panagiotis G.; Castillo, Eduardo M.; Breier, Joshua I.; Katz, Jeffrey S.; Wright, Anthony A.

doi:10.1101/lm.44302

Cited by 85 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Similar hemispheric specialization of medial-temporal lobe structures in subserving verbal and nonverbal tasks has been demonstrated in functional MRI studies (Kelley et al, 1998;Kirchhoff, Wagner, Maril, & Stern, 2000;Wagner et al, 1998) and PET studies (Haier et al, 1992), both of which showed selective activation of the right hippocampus during visuospatial tasks. Hemispheric specialization has also been suggested in magnetoencephalography studies that show activation of the left hippocampus during word recognition and activation of the right hippocampus during visual recognition tasks (Breier, Simos, Zouridakis, & Papanicolaou, 1999;Papanicolaou et al, 2002). Consistent with this specialization of function across cerebral hemispheres in the mesial temporal lobe, we found that PIQ correlated significantly and more strongly with hippocampus volume in the right than in the left hemisphere.…”

Section: Regional and Hemispheric Specializationsupporting

confidence: 88%

Correlates of intellectual ability with morphology of the hippocampus and amygdala in healthy adults

Amat

Bansal

Whiteman

et al. 2008

Brain and Cognition

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Several prior imaging studies of healthy adults have correlated volumes of the hippocampus and amygdala with measures of general intelligence (IQ), with variable results. In this study, we assessed correlations between volumes of the hippocampus and amygdala and full-scale IQ scores (FSIQ) using a method of image analysis that permits detailed regional mapping of this correlation throughout the surface contour of these brain structures. We delineated the hippocampus and amygdala in high-resolution magnetic resonance images of the brain from 34 healthy individuals. We then correlated FSIQ with overall volumes and with the surface morphologies of each of these structures. Hippocampus volumes correlated significantly and inversely with FSIQ independently of gender, age, socioeconomic status, and whole brain volume. Left and right hippocampus volumes correlated respectively with verbal and performance IQ subscales. Higher IQs were significantly associated with large inward deformations of the surface of the anterior hippocampus bilaterally. These findings suggest that a smaller anterior hippocampus contributes to an increased efficiency of neural processing that subserves overall intelligence.

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Section: Regional and Hemispheric Specializationsupporting

confidence: 88%

Correlates of intellectual ability with morphology of the hippocampus and amygdala in healthy adults

Amat

Bansal

Whiteman

et al. 2008

Brain and Cognition

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“…The results indicated task-related activity in the striatum, but typically not in the hippocampus or other medial temporal lobe structures Seger & Cincotta, 2005;Seger, Peterson, Cincotta, LopezPaniagua, & Anderson, 2010). This pattern of results is consistent with procedural learning, and opposite what one would expect if unstructured-category learning was mediated by explicit memorization (e.g., Papanicolaou et al, 2002;Poldrack et al, 2001). For several reasons, however, these results by themselves cannot be considered diagnostic.…”

supporting

confidence: 73%

Procedural learning of unstructured categories

2012

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Unstructured categories are those in which the stimuli are assigned to each contrasting category randomly, and thus there is no rule-or similarity-based strategy for determining category membership. Intuition suggests that unstructured categories are likely to be learned via explicit memorization that is under the control of declarative memory. In contrast to this prediction, neuroimaging studies of unstructured-category learning have reported task-related activation in the striatum, but typically not in the hippocampusresults that seem more consistent with procedural learning than with a declarative-memory strategy. This article reports the first known behavioral test of whether unstructured-category learning is mediated by explicit strategies or by procedural learning. Our results suggest that the feedback-based learning of unstructured categories is mediated by procedural memory.

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“…The two different modalities of the stimuli make correlational fMRI analyses difficult, since memory for pictures and words appears to involve different anatomical regions (Kelley et al 1998;Squire 2000, 2001;Papanicolaou et al 2002). Instead, both phases were presented in pictorial form.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural activity during encoding predicts false memories created by misinformation

Okado¹,

Stark²

2005

Learn. Mem.

132

139

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False memories are often demonstrated using the misinformation paradigm, in which a person's recollection of a witnessed event is altered after exposure to misinformation about the event. The neural basis of this phenomenon, however, remains unknown. We used fMRI to investigate encoding processes during the viewing of an event and misinformation to see whether neural activity during either encoding phase could predict what would be remembered. fMRI data were collected as participants studied eight vignettes (Original Event phase). Shortly afterward, participants studied the same vignettes during scanning, but with changes to several details, serving as the misinformation (Misinformation phase). Two days later, their memories for the Original Event were assessed. Activity that subsequently led to true and false memories was examined during both encoding phases. Two interaction patterns between encoding phase (Original Event and Misinformation) and type of memory (true and false) were observed in MTL and PFC regions. In the left hippocampus tail and perirhinal cortex, a predictive item-encoding pattern was observed. During the Original Event phase, activity was greater for true than false memories, whereas during the Misinformation phase, activity was greater for false than true memories. In other regions, a pattern suggestive of source encoding was observed, in which activity for false memories was greater during the Original Event phase than the Misinformation phase. Together, these results suggest that encoding processes play a critical role in determining true and false memory outcome in misinformation paradigms.

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The Hippocampus and Memory of Verbal and Pictorial Material

Cited by 85 publications

References 32 publications

Correlates of intellectual ability with morphology of the hippocampus and amygdala in healthy adults

Correlates of intellectual ability with morphology of the hippocampus and amygdala in healthy adults

Procedural learning of unstructured categories

Neural activity during encoding predicts false memories created by misinformation

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