The Hispanic Paradox in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Kumar, Rohit; Castillero, Franklin; Bhandari, Shruti; Malapati, Sindhu Janarthanam; Kloecker, Goetz

doi:10.1016/j.hemonc.2021.02.004

Cited by 12 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The study found that Hispanics had significantly better overall survival (OS) rates compared with other ethnic groups, regardless of their insurance status, income, educational level, or place of residence. This observation may be attributed to physical, cultural, social, and environmental factors contributing to better survival rates and decreased incidence of lung cancer among Hispanics compared with other minorities 8 …”

Section: The Hispanic Paradoxmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have shown that Hispanics with lung cancer tend to have a better survival rate compared with Blacks, Asians, and Pacific Islanders. [5][6][7] Kumar et al 8 conducted a study involving more than 555,000 patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) from the National Cancer Database between 2010 and 2015. The study found that Hispanics had significantly better overall survival (OS) rates compared with other ethnic groups, regardless of their insurance status, income, educational level, or place of residence.…”

Section: The Hispanic Paradoxmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This observation may be attributed to physical, cultural, social, and environmental factors contributing to better survival rates and decreased incidence of lung cancer among Hispanics compared with other minorities. 8 There has been increasing research on genetic polymorphisms among Hispanic populations that could contribute to a lower risk for lung cancer and decreased mortality. The 1le variant allele, which occurs in Hispanic populations at a frequency rate of 0.39, is associated with more than a 40% risk reduction in lung cancer and mortality.…”

Section: The Hispanic Paradoxmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diversity and Disparities in Lung Cancer Outcomes Among Minorities

Theik,

Uribe,

Alvarez

et al. 2023

Cancer J

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Because of diversities and disparities, lung cancer incidence and mortality rates among minorities are disproportionate compared with non-Hispanic White (NHW) populations. This review focuses on the disparities in lung cancer screening, diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes that minorities, mainly Hispanic and Black, experience compared with NHW populations. Despite efforts such as improving the eligibility criteria for screening to improve lung cancer survival rates, disparities persist, particularly among minority populations. However, the “Hispanic Paradox” describes the lower incidence and better survival rates observed in Hispanics compared with other ethnic groups best explained by possible contributions such as genetics and other factors such as dietary habits. Disparities in screening, particularly among underrepresented populations, are frequently explained by cultural, socioeconomic, and health care access barriers. There are also disparities in receiving appropriate treatment, such as surgical treatment, with fewer Hispanics and Blacks undergoing surgery than NHW individuals, resulting in lower overall survival rates. In addition, the prevalence of biomarker testing varies by racial and ethnic groups, influencing personalized treatment plans and outcomes. Finally, because of genetic and social determinants of health, the clinical outcomes of targeted therapy and immunotherapy may differ among minority populations. Identifying and addressing social determinants of health in real time are a “must” to have a significant impact in reducing lung cancer disparities. A comprehensive and multifaceted strategy is required to rectify disparities in cancer treatment. This strategy includes increasing levels of awareness and education, reducing financial and access barriers, and promoting increased diversity in clinical trial recruitment. By effectively addressing these complex challenges, the objective of providing equitable cancer care to all patients, regardless of race or ethnicity, can be achieved. To identify and address disparities, heightened awareness and education are essential. Access to health care is ensured by reducing financial and access barriers. Finally, increased diversity in clinical trial recruitment advances the generalizability of findings and promotes equitable representation of all racial and ethnic groups, resulting in improved outcomes for all patients.

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Section: The Hispanic Paradoxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Hispanic Paradoxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Hispanic Paradoxmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Diversity and Disparities in Lung Cancer Outcomes Among Minorities

Theik,

Uribe,

Alvarez

et al. 2023

Cancer J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…However, lung cancer is also the leading cause of death for Hispanic men and the second most common cause of death for Hispanic women [ 1 , 3 ]. Despite a lower incidence and mortality from lung cancer as a result of earlier intervention, detection, and smoking cessation over recent years, Hispanics and Latinos comprise a large number of heterogenous subpopulations that vary from the general population due, in part, to social, demographic, and environmental factors [ 4 ]. Although Hispanics have a 25% reduced incidence and 35% reduced mortality from cancer compared to non-Hispanic whites, combined data of Hispanics/Latinos as a whole can fail to acknowledge the essential heterogeneity within various subpopulations—including variable cancer risk [ 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceptions and Patterns of Cigarette and E-Cigarette Use among Hispanics: A Heterogeneity Analysis of the 2017–2019 Health Information National Trends Survey

Cardona

Calixte

Rivera

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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There are documented disparities in smoking behaviors among Hispanic adults in the U.S., but little is known about patterns of e-cigarette use. Using data from the HINTS 5 cycle 1–3, we examined cigarette and e-cigarette history and current use, as well as perceptions of the dangers of e-cigarette use relative to cigarette use. Primary predictors were Hispanic ethnic group, gender, age, education, income, and English language proficiency. Binary outcomes were modeled using the logit link, and multinomial outcome variables were modeled using generalized logit model. Fifty-three percent of participants were Mexican, 8% Puerto Rican, 4% were Cuban, and 35% identified as other Hispanics. Of the 1618 respondents, 23% were former cigarette smokers and 10% were current cigarette smokers. Twenty percent reported history of electronic cigarettes and 4% reported current use. In multivariable models, Hispanic women were significantly less likely to report ever being smokers compared to Hispanic men (aOR = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.42, 0.88). Puerto Ricans were 2.4 times as likely to report being current smokers (95% CI = 1.11, 5.11) compared to Mexicans. Among Hispanics, significant differences in e-cigarette and cigarette use behaviors emerged by gender, age, ethnicity, and cancer history, with implications for tailoring smoking prevention and cessation messages.

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“…La SG para los pacientes con alteraciones oncogénicas tratados en 1ª línea con inhibidores de tirosin-quinasa fue de 49.9 meses (IC95% 43.2-56.5), para aquellos con PD-L1 ≥50% tratados en 1ª o 2ª línea con inhibidores de PD-1 fue de 33.5 meses (IC95% 29.5-37.4), y para los que no cumplieron ninguna de estas dos condiciones fue de 17.3 meses (IC95% 16.2-18.5; P=0.0001) (Figura 3). Estos hallazgos explican la considerable transición en el diagnóstico y tratamiento del CPCNP, revelando el impacto de Una vez comprendida la paradoja del cáncer de pulmón entre los hispanos, etnia con diagnósticos más tardíos y mejor SG (29), parece relativamente sencillo asimilar la ancestría de la enfermedad. Recientemente, Carrot-Zhang y colaboradores realizaron el análisis genómico y de la ascendencia de 1.153 pacientes con CPCNP de México y Colombia, encontrando asociaciones entre la ancestría nativo-americana (NAT) y el marco de las alteraciones somáticas, incluyendo la carga mutacional (TMB) y el compromiso de EGFR, KRAS y STK11 (30).…”

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